优质高等教育资源获得的阶层差异状况分析:1982—2010——基于我国7所重点大学的实证调查  

Analyzing Class Differences on Obtaining High-quality Resources in Higher Education from 1982 to 2010 ——Based on the Empirical Survey in 7 Key Universities in China

作　　者：王伟宜[1] 

机构地区：[1]福建师范大学教育学院

出　　处：《教育研究》2013年第7期61-67,共7页Educational Research

基　　金：教育部人文社会科学研究2011年度青年基金项目"中国不同群体高等教育入学机会三十年变化调查研究"(项目编号:11YJC880116)的研究成果

摘　　要：近30年来,我国优质高等教育资源的获得存在明显的阶层差异,优势阶层子女比弱势阶层子女获得了更多的就读重点大学的机会。在整体上,重点大学各阶层子女间的入学机会差距呈现出先扩大而后趋于缩小的特征。当前,优势阶层特别是党政机关或企事业单位负责人阶层子女在重点大学入学机会的获得方面依然保持着绝对的优势,而弱势阶层尤其是占就业人口70%的工农阶层子女获得的就读机会仍相当有限。今后,应通过义务教育的均衡发展、重点中学生源的多样化及重点大学招生考试适当向弱势群体倾斜等措施,进一步提高各阶层子女在重点大学入学机会方面的均等化程度。In the recent 30 years, the empirical research results show that there exist obvious class differences on obtaining high-quality resources in higher education, and compared with children from vulnerable class, children from dominant class have obtained more access to key universities. On the whole, the gap of access to key universities among children from different classes experiences a trend that enlarged at first and then narrowed. At present, children from dominant class especially from the class of people in charge of the party and government organs, enterprises and institutions still maintain absolute advantage in obtaining access to key universities. However, children from vulnerable class particularly from workers and farmers accounting for 70 percent of employment population still get limited opportunity. In the future, we can further increase the equality of access to key universities among children from different classes by balanced development in compulsory education, diversification of sources of students in key higher school and appropriate favor of entrance examination of key universities for vulnerable groups.

关 键 词：高等教育 优质资源 阶层差异 入学机会 

分 类 号：G649.2[文化科学—高等教育学]