土壤环境条件对灭幼脲微胶囊残留降解的影响  

Effect of Environmental Conditions on Degradation of Chlorbenzuron Microcapsules in Soil

作　　者：严俊鑫[1] 迟德富[1] 张喆[1] 宇佳[1] 

机构地区：[1]东北林业大学,哈尔滨150040

出　　处：《东北林业大学学报》2013年第7期141-144,150,共5页Journal of Northeast Forestry University

基　　金：国家科技支撑计划课题(2012BAD19B07);黑龙江省青年科学基金(QC2012C408);黑龙江省教育厅科研项目(12513020)

摘　　要：研究了土壤微生物、含水量和温度对灭幼脲微胶囊降解的影响。结果表明:土壤微生物对灭幼脲微胶囊的降解起主导作用,在未灭菌的土壤中,包埋1、3、5个双层灭幼脲微胶囊的降解速率常数均为灭菌土壤中的7倍以上。土壤温度和湿度均可影响灭幼脲微胶囊降解,包埋1、3、5个双层灭幼脲微胶囊的降解速率常数随土壤含水量和温度的升高而增大。当含水率从40%上升到80%时,包埋1、3、5个双层灭幼脲微胶囊在土壤中的降解速率常数分别增长了1.81、1.82、1.82倍。当温度从15℃上升到35℃时,包埋1、3、5个双层灭幼脲微胶囊的降解速率常数分别增长了2.07、2.06、2.07倍。灭幼脲微胶囊最适降解土壤温度为25～35℃,最适土壤含水量为60%。An experiment was conducted to study the effects of the degradation in different soil conditions with chlorbenzuron microcapsules as the experimental subject including microorganism,moisture content and temperature.The microorganism plays a leading role on the degradation of chlorbenzuron microcapsules.The constant of degradation rate of chlorbenzuron microcapsules with coated 1,3 and 5 double layers sodium alginate and chitosan in non-sterilized soil is seven times higher than that in sterilized soil.The degradation of chlorbenzuron microcapsules in soil is affected by temperature and moisture content,and the constant of degradation rate of chlorbenzuron microcapsules with coated 1,3 and 5 double layers wall materials is increased with the rising of moisture content and temperature in soil.The constants of degradation rate of chlorbenzuron microcapsules with coated 1,3 and 5 double layers are increased by 1.81,1.82 and 1.82 times,respectively,when the moisture content increases by from 40% to 80%.As the temperature increases by from 15 ℃ to 35 ℃,the constants of degradation rate of chlorbenzuron microcapsules with coated 1,3 and 5 double layers are increased by 2.07,2.06 and 2.07 times,respectively.The optimum temperature for degradation of chlorbenzuron microcapsule in soil is around 25 ℃-35 ℃ and the optimum moisture content of soil is around 60%.

关 键 词：灭幼脲 微胶囊 土壤 降解 

分 类 号：S767.3[农业科学—森林保护学]