上海城区典型臭氧浓度偏低年的成因分析  

ANALYSIS ON THE CAUSES OF TYPICAL LOW OZONE CONCENTRATION YEAR IN THE URBAN AREA OF SHANGHAI,CHINA

作　　者：刘琼[1,2,3] 耿福海[1,2] 陈勇航[2] 郑巧利[4] 高伟[1] 毛晓琴[1] 

机构地区：[1]上海市城市环境气象中心,上海200135 [2]东华大学环境科学与工程学院,上海201620 [3]湖州市建设工程质量监督站检测中心,浙江湖州313000 [4]同济大学浙江学院,浙江嘉兴314051

出　　处：《长江流域资源与环境》2013年第7期900-907,共8页Resources and Environment in the Yangtze Basin

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(40705046)

摘　　要：利用2006～2010年上海徐家汇、崇明、宝山、金山和浦东5个监测站的臭氧资料,分析了上海地区不同功能区臭氧的浓度特征及年际变化特征。结果表明:2006年上海地区臭氧平均浓度是这5a的最低值,以徐家汇和浦东两个站臭氧浓度年际差异最为明显。2006年各站春末和夏季的臭氧浓度明显低于其他年份,而秋冬季臭氧浓度却差别不大。以徐家汇地区为例的综合分析表明,天气状况、日照时数、温度和风速等气象要素不是造成2006年上海城区臭氧浓度偏低的原因,臭氧前体物(VOCs和NOx)才是造成这种现象的主要原因。2006年4～8月NOx和VOCs浓度明显偏低,典型臭氧日变化情况下2006年VOCs/NOx比值较小,平均值为1.22,比2007、2008年低了近65%,而O3的生产率也分别减少了65%和59%。OZIPR模式的结果也表明较低的VOCs浓度以及VOCs/NOx比值,是导致2006年上海城区臭氧浓度偏低的主要原因。Ozone concentration characteristics of different functional areas in Shanghai were analyzed by using the data from 2006 to 2010 in Xujiahui, Chongming, Baoshan,Jinshan, and Pudong stations. The ozone data showed that ozone concentrations in Shanghai were low in central city and high in suburban areas; the higher concentrations of NOx in central city and heavy downtown areas suppressed the generation of ozone, which was the reason of the lower ozone concentration in central city. The results showed that the annual concentrations of ozone in 2006 were the lowest During 2006--2010,and the differences of annual variation of ozone concentrations in Xujiahui and Pudong stations were the most obvious, mainly due to the lower ozone concentrations in late spring and summer of 2006. Considering the weather conditions,wind speed, sunshine duration and ozone precursor （NOx and VOCs） concentrations, the lower concentrations of VOCs and the lower ratios of VOCs and NOx were the major reasons causing low ozone concentrations in the urban area of Shanghai in 2006. The concentrations of NOx and VOCs from April to August in 2006 were generally low. And the ratios of VOCs/NOx during typical ozone diurnal cycle in 2006 were quite small and average value was only 1.22,which was 650% lower than those in 2007 and 2008, while the ozone productivity in 2006 was also reduced 65% and 59% ,respectively compared with in 2007 and 2008. The result derived from OZIPR also revealed that the lower concentrations of VOCs and the lower ratios of VOCs/NOx were the major reasons causing low ozone concentrations in 2006 in the urban area of Shanghai.

关 键 词：徐家汇 日照时数 温度 NOx VOCS VOCS NOx 

分 类 号：X16[环境科学与工程—环境科学]