仁用加工型平欧杂种榛品种(系)的坚果经济性状  

Economic Traits of Special Nut-Processed Cultivars of Ping'ou Hybrid Hazelnuts (Corylus heterophylla×C. avellana)

作　　者：艾吉尔.阿不拉 马庆华[1] 王贵禧[1] 梁维坚[3] 梁丽松[1] 赵天田[1] 

机构地区：[1]林木遗传育种国家重点实验室国家林业局林木培育实验室中国林业科学研究院林业研究所,北京100091 [2]新疆林业科学院造林治沙研究所,乌鲁木齐830063 [3]辽宁省经济林研究所,大连116031

出　　处：《林业科学》2013年第7期175-182,共8页Scientia Silvae Sinicae

基　　金："十一五"国家科技支持计划(2006BAD01A1701);中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务费专项资金(RIF2012-11);国家林业局林业公益性行业科研专项(201304710)

摘　　要：榛子为榛属（Corylus）植物,世界上约有18个种,我国是重要的产地,原产8个种和2个变种（张宇和等,2005）。20世纪80年代至今的近30年间,国内育种专家通过我国平榛（C.heterophylla）和欧洲榛（C.avellana）的种间杂交,获得了平欧杂种榛（C.heterophylla×C.avellana）,In order to select special nut-processed cultivars, we measured and analyzed a number of economic indexes of 43 cultivars and varieties of 5-6 years old Ping’ou hybrid hazelnuts （Corylus heterophylla × C. avellana） planted in the same orchard with identical management at Anqiu county, Shandong province. The processing traits of the nuts and kernels were measured and the traits were graded according to the forestry industry criteria and China Fruit’s Monograph. The results showed that nut weight varied from 1.45 g to 3.30 g, nut shape index varied from 0.67 to 1.08, kernel weight varied from 0.76 g to 1.44 g, shell thickness varied from 0.90 mm to 1.76 mm and kernel weight percentage varied from 35.06% to 56.00%. The processing traits, such as nut size, plumpness of the kernel, thickness of the shell and kernel percentage of most candidates reached to relative higher grades of the industry standards, indicating the high potential selectivity in the population. There were significant differences in the economic traits among the candidate cultivars and varieties and the variation coefficients （CV） were 5.30%-70.31%. There were to different degrees relationships between paired traits, which should be considered for the cultivar selection. However, there were small amount of round nut types in the population, which was a limiting factor in the selection of nut-processed cultivars. Based on this study, the main traits and criteria for selecting special nut-processed cultivars included in turn, nut weight ≥ 2.00 g, kernel weight percentage ≥ 40%, kernel plumpness 0.80-0.90, kernel weight ≥ 0.80 g, round nut （nut shape index 0.90-1.00）. Four cultivars and varieties i. e. ‘Liaozhen No. 2’, ‘Ping’ou 30’,‘Ping’ou 90’ and ‘Ping’ou 28’ were selected as the special nut-processed cultivars.

关 键 词：平欧杂种榛 坚果 果仁 加工性状 

分 类 号：S722.33[农业科学—林木遗传育种] S664.4[农业科学—林学]