开放式病房住院精神分裂症患者的照料者主观负担及影响因素  

Subjective Burdens and Its Influencing Factors of Caregivers of Schizophrenia Patients in Open Wards.

作　　者：徐彩霞[1] 李美银[1] 杜韵华[1] 邓文[1] 

机构地区：[1]广东省佛山市第三人民医院,528041

出　　处：《中国健康心理学杂志》2013年第7期966-968,共3页China Journal of Health Psychology

摘　　要：目的探讨在开放式病房精神分裂症患者的照料者家庭关系质量对其主观负担状况影响研究。方法应用自编一般情况调查表、照顾者反应评估工具、家庭关怀度指数和家庭功能评定对111名住院病人照料者进行测试研究。结果①与一般内科病照顾者比较,开放式病房住院的精神疾病者照料者存在更多的主观负担感;②年龄、婚姻状态与健康问题因子呈显著正相关(r=0.25,P<0.05;r=0.35,P<0.01),与自尊因子呈显著负相关(r=-0.37,-0.40;P<0.01);已婚者及照顾时间与时间受打扰因子呈正相关(r=0.38,0.35;P<0.01);经济压力因子与职业、家庭月收入呈负相关(r=-0.25,P<0.05;r=-0.41,P<0.01);家庭关怀度指数与自尊因子呈显著负相关,与CRA的其他四因子呈显著正相关;对家庭功能来说,沟通、情感介入因子与自尊存在显著的负相关;情感介入因子与健康问题、家庭缺乏支持因子存在显著的正相关;③对于健康问题因子,家庭关怀度指数纳入方程,对健康问题贡献度为17%(F=11.02,P=0.001);自尊因子,家庭关怀度指数、年龄、情感反应依次纳入回归方程,贡献度为40%(F=12.29,P=0.000,0.008,0.04);对于时间受打扰因子,婚姻状态、家庭关怀度指数进入方程,贡献度16%(F=10.12,P=0.004,0.03);对于经济压力因子,家庭收入进入方程,贡献度26%(F=9.68,P=0.04);对于家庭支持因子,婚姻状态、家庭关怀度指数进入方程,贡献度26%(F=6.37,P=0.01)。结论开放式病房住院的精神分裂症患者照料者的主观负担高于一般内科患者照料者;照料者的主观负担与家庭关系、情感介入、年龄、婚姻状况等因素相关。Objective To explore the effect of family relationship on subjective burdens of caregivers of schizophrenia patients in open wards.Methods Using self-designed questionnaire,caregiver reaction assessment instrument（CRA）,family APGAR Index（APGAR） and family assessment device（FAD）to evaluate 111 caregivers of schizophrenia inpatients.Results Compared to caregivers of internal disease patients,the caregivers of schizophrenia patients in open wards had more subjective burdens;Age and marriage status were related positively with health status（r=0.25,P0.05;r=0.35,P0.01）and negatively with self-esteem（r=-0.37,-0.40;P0.01）;The married and hours of care were related positively with time disturbed factor（r=0.38,0.35;P0.01）;Economical burden was related negatively to occupation and family income（r=-0.25,P0.05;r=-0.41,P0.01）;APGAR was related negatively with self-esteem,and related positively with other factors in caregiver reaction assessment.As far as family assessment was concerned,communication and affective involvement were related negatively with self-esteem;Affective involvement was related positively with health status and lack of family support.APGAR contributed 17% to health status（F=11.02,P=0.001）;APGAR,age and affective reactions contributed 40% to self-esteem（F=12.29,P=0.000,0.008,0.04）;Marriage status and APGAR contributed 16% to time disturbed（F=10.12,P=0.004,0.03）;Family income contributed 26% to economical burden（F=9.68,P=0.04）;Marriage status and APGAR contributed 16% to lack of family support（F=6.37,P=0.01）.Conclusion Subjective burdens of caregivers of schizophrenia patients in open wards is higher than that of caregivers of internal disease patients,and the subjective burdens is related with family relations,affective involvement,age and marriage status.

关 键 词：开放性病房 精神分裂症患者 照料者 主观负担 影响因素 

分 类 号：R749.3[医药卫生—神经病学与精神病学]