变速航行体自然超空泡形态与记忆效应研究  

Shapes and memory effects of natural supercavitation of navigating bodies with variable speeds

作　　者：李魁彬[1,2] 王安稳[1] 毛柳伟[1] 付书强 

机构地区：[1]海军工程大学理学院 [2]92132部队

出　　处：《华中科技大学学报（自然科学版）》2013年第6期94-98,共5页Journal of Huazhong University of Science and Technology(Natural Science Edition)

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(10772196)

摘　　要：为了快捷地得到变速航行体非定常超空泡形态,探索记忆效应对空泡形态的影响,基于空泡截面独立扩展原理、空泡镜像闭合模型和航行体动力学方程,利用相对时间轴与绝对时间轴、惯性坐标系与弹体坐标系之间的关系,推导了航行体在恒定推力下及匀变速情况下自然超空泡形态的解析解,获得了空泡形态的特征量的表达式.利用经验公式,对所得的惯性运动航行体的空泡形态公式进行了验证;并结合算例分析了射弹和匀变速航行体超空泡的记忆效应,得到了空泡数、空化器尺寸和加速度对其空泡记忆效应的影响规律:当空泡数越小、空化器半径越大、加速度绝对值越大时,记忆效应越明显.To quickly obtain the forms of time-dependent supercavitation of navigating vehicles with variable speeds and the memory effects on the shapes, based on the principle of independence of cavity section expansion, the enantiomorphous scheme of cavity closure and the equation of motion, the ana lyric solutions of natural supercavity shape of underwater vehicles with a constant thrust or accelera- tion were deduced by the relations of the relative time axis to the absolute one and the inertial frame to the moving coordinate system. The expresses of cavity parameters were obtained. The results of the supercavitation shapes of vehicles in inertia motion were validated by the empirical formula. Supereav- itation memory effects of projectiles and vehicles with a constant acceleration were analyzed by exam- pies, and some relations of the cavitation number, cavitator radius and acceleration with memory effects were obtained. The conclusions show that the smaller the cavitation number is, the bigger the eavitator radius is, the higher the acceleration is, and the more significant the memory effect is.

关 键 词：水下航行体 变速运动 超空泡 独立性原理 空泡形态 记忆效应 

分 类 号：O351.3[理学—流体力学]