流域尺度上河流水质与土地利用的关系  

Relationships between river water quality and land use type at watershed scale

作　　者：杨莎莎[1,2] 汤萃文[1] 刘丽娟[3] 李小玉[3] 叶寅[2] 

机构地区：[1]兰州交通大学环境与市政工程学院,兰州730070 [2]中国科学院沈阳应用生态研究所,沈阳110016 [3]中国科学院新疆生态与地理研究所,乌鲁木齐830011

出　　处：《应用生态学报》2013年第7期1953-1961,共9页Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(40971272;40830746)资助

摘　　要：以苏子河流域内54个水质采样点为基点,生成6种尺度的河岸带缓冲区,并借助FRAGSTATS软件计算景观水平和类型水平上的8种景观指数.分别从景观空间格局与景观类型组成两方面,对景观指数与水质进行相关分析.结果表明:区域景观格局在不同缓冲区内对流域水质具有不同的效应.当缓冲区距离≤300 m时,旱地、建筑用地、水田为主要的景观类型组成,其面积比例、斑块数量、斑块密度、最大斑块指数、最大形状指数、景观斑块聚集度指数均较高,农田的连通性较高,对水质的影响较大.在距离河流较远的区域(缓冲区距离>300 m),林地面积比例较高,林地聚集连通程度较好,对水质改善具有一定作用,但不明显.该流域耕地、建设用地等对水质有着关键的影响作用.Based on the remote sensing images of 54 water quality monitoring stations within the Suzi River watershed, the riparian buffer zones at 6 scales were constructed by ArcGIS, and the 8 landscape indices at landscape and class levels were calculated with FRAGSTATS software. A correlation analysis on the landscape indices and river water quality was made from the viewpoints of landscape space pattern and composition. In the watershed, the landscape pattern in different riparian buffer zones had different effects on the fiver water quality. When the distance of the buffer zones was less than 300 m, the main landscape types were dry land, construction land, and paddy filed, and their area ratio, patch number, patch density, maximum patch index, maximum shape index, and aggregation index were higher. In these buffer zones, farmlands had higher connectedness, and thus, had greater effects on the fiver water quality. When the distance of the buffer zones was more than 300 m, forest land had a larger area ratio and a higher connectedness, which would benefit the improvement of river water quality to some extent. In the watershed, farmland and construction land played a key role in affecting the river water quality.

关 键 词：土地利用 景观格局 水质 苏子河 

分 类 号：X24[环境科学与工程—环境科学]