不同基质理化性状对春季番茄幼苗生长及根系形态的影响  

Effect of Different Substrate Physicochemical Properties on Growth and Root Morphology of Tomato Plug-seedlings in Spring

作　　者：杨延杰[1] 赵康[1] 陈宁[1] 林多[1] 

机构地区：[1]青岛农业大学园艺学院,山东青岛266109

出　　处：《西北农业学报》2013年第7期125-131,共7页Acta Agriculturae Boreali-occidentalis Sinica

基　　金："十二五"农村领域国家科技计划项目(2011BAD12B03-05);山东省现代农业产业技术体系集约化育苗岗位专家资助项目;山东省农业重大应用技术创新项目

摘　　要：以"莱红一号"番茄为试材,研究不同复合基质理化性状对春季穴盘苗生长及根系形态的影响。结果表明,不同复合基质理化性状对番茄幼苗生长及根系发育的影响具有显著性差异。体积质量、总孔隙度、pH、电导率、速效氮及速效钾是影响番茄穴盘苗根系表面积的主要因素。具有较低体积质量的复合基质有利于幼苗根系生长,根系表面积增大,进而促进幼苗整株生长,提高幼苗品质;在基质物理性状满足幼苗生长条件下,适宜比例的速效氮与速效钾配施可促进根系表面积的增大。春季培育番茄穴盘壮苗,应最大限度促进低温环境下幼苗根系形态建成,保持根系生长整体协调性,增大根系吸收面积,增强其吸收水分和养分的能力,加快幼苗营养生长并为其良好地进行花芽分化奠定基础。Effects of different compound substrate physicochemical properties on seedlings growth and root morphology of tomato cultivars ＂Laihong No. 1＂ were studied in this paper in spring. The result showed that seedlings growth and root development of tomato plug-seedlings were significant different among different compound substrates with different physieochemical properties. Volume mass, total porosity, pH-value, conductivity, available nitrogen and available potassium were the main properties that influenced root surface area of tomato plug-seedlings. Lower volume mass of compound substrate was conducive to root growth and development. Increased root surface area promoted the seedlings growth, and increased the quality of tomato seedlings. When the substrate physical property was in the optimum range, application of suitable proportion of available nitrogen and available potassium could promote the increase of root surface area. Cultivating tomato plug-seedlings in spring under low temperature condition, root morphogenesis and keep coordination of root growth should be promoted, which could increase root absorption area, enhanced root ability to absorb nutrients and water, accelerate the seedlings growth, and lay the foundation for flower bud differentiations.

关 键 词：番茄 穴盘苗 复合基质 理化性状 根系形态 

分 类 号：S641.2[农业科学—蔬菜学]