俄国文学中的“女性记忆”和“遗孀文学”——以《曼德施塔姆夫人回忆录》为例  

“Women’s Memory” and “Relict Literature” in Russian Literature——A Case Study of Mrs. Mandelstam’s Memoirs

作　　者：刘文飞[1,2,3] 

机构地区：[1]中国社会科学院外国文学研究所 [2]中国俄罗斯文学研究会 [3]黑龙江大学俄罗斯语言文学与文化研究中心学术委员会

出　　处：《俄罗斯研究》2013年第3期15-44,共30页Russian Studies

摘　　要：俄国文学中的"女性记忆"是一个饶有兴味的文学史话题,一批杰出俄国女性作家自"白银时代"登上文坛,逐渐成长为俄国文学的重要组成部分。除抒情诗、戏剧和短篇小说等文学体裁,俄国女性写作者的创作优势也体现在回忆录的写作上。在整个20世纪,俄国女性文学回忆录传统大放异彩,结出累累硕果,而《曼德施塔姆夫人回忆录》在这一体裁中无疑也占有一个重要位置。这部回忆录的写作和发表、内容和风格、传播和影响均具有十分典型的意义,在一定程度上概括地体现出了"女性记忆"在俄国文学中的作用和意义、功能和影响。可以说,它是20世纪俄语文学中所谓"遗孀文学"最典型的体现之一,同时也构成一段生动、珍贵的文学断代野史。＂Women＇s Memory＂ in Russian literature is an entrancing topic. A group of prominent Russian female writers mounted the literary scene since the ＂Silver Age＂, gradually becoming important part of Russian literature. Apart from lyrics, dramas, short novels and others, advantages of Russian female writers were also reflected in memoirs. Throughout the whole 20th century, the tradition of Russian women＇s memoirs flourished, bearing rich fruits, among which the Memoirs of Mrs. Mandelstam undoubtedly occupied an important position. Not only the writing and issuing, but also the content and style, inaddition to the spread and impact of this memoir are of typical significance. To certain extent, it has generally reflected the role, significance, function and influence of ＂women＇s memory＂ in the Russian literature. It can be said that it is one of the most typical manifestation of the so-called ＂relict literature＂ in the 20th century among Russian literature, meanwhile it also constitutes a vivid and valuable unofficial dynastic literature history.

关 键 词：娜杰日达·曼德施塔姆 奥西普·曼德施塔姆 俄国文学 俄国 诗歌 女性记忆 遗孀文学 

分 类 号：I206.7[文学—中国文学]