硝酸盐对淡水水生生物毒性及水质基准推导  

Toxicity of Nitrate-N to Freshwater Aquatic Life and Its Water Quality Criteria

作　　者：张铃松[1,2] 王业耀[1,3] 孟凡生[2] 周岳溪[1,2] 于海斌[3] 

机构地区：[1]北京师范大学水科学研究院,北京100875 [2]中国环境科学研究院环境基准与风险评估国家重点实验室,北京100012 [3]中国环境监测总站,北京100012

出　　处：《环境科学》2013年第8期3286-3293,共8页Environmental Science

基　　金：国家水体污染控制与治理科技重大专项(2009ZX07207-001-02)

摘　　要：为推导保护淡水水生生物的NO3-水质基准,收集了NO3-的水生生物毒性数据,然后分析了不同水生生物类群的毒性敏感性,并分别采用评价因子法、毒性百分数排序法和物种敏感度分布法进行基准值推导.结果表明,不同生物类群的水生生物对NO3-毒性的敏感性存在明显差异,其敏感性排序为节肢动物门>软体动物门>脊索动物门;甲壳纲>昆虫纲>腹足纲>双壳>两栖纲>辐鳍纲.3种基准计算方法得到的基准值存在一定差异,最终推荐采用毒性百分数排序法得出的87.97mg·L-1和5.17 mg·L-1为现阶段NO3-(以N计)的水质急性毒性和慢性毒性基准值.The toxicity sensitivity of different freshwater aquatic organisms was analyzed using the collected toxicity data in this paper.Three methods were used to estimate the criteria of nitrate to protect the freshwater aquatic life.The results showed that the species sensitivity to nitrate followed the order of ArthropodaMolluscaChordata,and CrustaceaInsectaGastropodaBivalviaAmphibiaActinopterygii.Moreover,the output of assessment factor method,species sensitivity distribution method and USEPA＇s method was significantly different.Finally,criterias of 87.97 mg·L-1 and 5.17 mg·L-1 to protect aquatic life from acute and chronic toxicity were proposed using USEPA＇s method.

关 键 词：硝酸盐氮 水生生物 评价因子法 毒性百分数排序法 物种敏感度分布法 基准 

分 类 号：X174[环境科学与工程—环境科学]