童年期虐待与初中生抑郁症状关系  

Relationship between childhood maltreatment and depression symptoms among 1 417 junior high school students

作　　者：张婉婉[1] 刘阳[1] 余婷婷[1] 胡塔静[1] 葛星[1] 汪耿夫[1] 方玉[1] 苏普玉[2] 

机构地区：[1]安徽医科大学公共卫生学院 [2]安徽医科大学儿少卫生与妇幼保健学系

出　　处：《中国公共卫生》2013年第8期1165-1168,共4页Chinese Journal of Public Health

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(81102145);安徽省教育厅教学研究项目(20100344);安徽医科大学中青年学术骨干资助基金;安徽医科大学博士科研基金资助

摘　　要：目的探讨童年期虐待经历与初中生抑郁症状的关系。方法整群抽取安徽省霍邱县3所乡镇普通初级中学的1 417名初中生,采用抑郁自评量表(SDS)、自编童年期虐待经历问卷和自编一般情况调查表进行问卷调查。结果 1 417名初中生中抑郁症状的检出率为61.3%,女生(66.7%)高于男生(56.6%),初二年级(64.4%)高于初一(62.4%)和初三年级(56.7%),非独生子女(63.5%)高于独生子女(54.9%),差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05或P<0.001);与父母的关系从差、一般到亲密,学习成绩从差、中等到好,初中生抑郁症状的检出率均逐渐下降,差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.001);童年期遭受各种类型反复虐待的初中生抑郁症状的检出率均高于未遭受反复虐待者,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05或P<0.001);多因素非条件logistic回归分析结果显示,童年期遭受反复重度躯体虐待、反复中度躯体虐待、反复情感虐待、反复接触性性虐待和反复非接触性性虐待的初中生抑郁症状发生的危险性分别是未遭受上述虐待的1.989(OR=1.989)、1.436(OR=1.436)、1.698(OR=1.698)、2.834(OR=2.834)和2.235倍(OR=2.235)。结论童年期遭受反复虐待是青少年抑郁症状的危险因素。Objective To investigate the relationship between childhood maltreatment and depression in junior high school students. Methods A total of 1 417 junior high school students from the 7th,8th and 9th grade of three public schools were selected with cluster sampling in Huoqiu country and depressive symptoms,childhood maltreatment experience and general demographic were surveyed with Self-Rating Depression Scale and a self-designed questionnaire. Results The detection rate of depressive symptoms was 61.3% in the students.The detection rate was higher among the girls,students of 8th grades,and non-only-child students than among the boys,students of other grade and only-child students,with statistically significant differences（P〈0.05 for all）.The detection rate was inversely related to the intimacy to parents and academic records of the students（P〈0.001）.The detection rate of depression among the students with repeated childhood maltreatment was higher than among the student without the experience,with a significant difference（P〈0.05）.Repeated serious physical abuse,moderate physical abuse,emotional abuse,contact sexual abuse,and non-contact sexual abuse in childhood were positivedly correlated to depression among the students,with the odds ratios of 1.989,1.436,1.698,2.834,and 2.235,respectively. Conclusion Repeated maltreatment in childhood is a risk factor of adolescent depression.

关 键 词：童年期虐待 抑郁症状 初中生 

分 类 号：R395.6[哲学宗教—心理学]