神经细胞和小胶质细胞的相互作用与神经变性性疾病的关系  

Nerve cells and microglia interaction relations with neurodegenerative disease

作　　者：仁富亮 宋少伟[1] 李恩东[2] 

机构地区：[1]中国医科大学附属第一医院普通外科,辽宁沈阳110001 [2]日本名古屋大学大学院神经免疫科

出　　处：《中国卫生产业》2013年第25期156-157,159,共3页China Health Industry

基　　金：沈阳市科技计划项目F11-264-1-09

摘　　要：小胶质细胞是中枢神经系统的构成细胞之一,在很久以前它的存在就已经得到确认。从细胞起源的角度来说,它的机能还尚不清楚。近年来,随着细胞培养和细胞分离技术的不断提高,它的作用也渐渐地被发现和解明。不仅在炎症性神经疾病方面,在缺血性疾病和变性疾病发生时,在变性的神经细胞周围也发现有活化的小胶质细胞。这些来自变性神经细胞且通过特定通路被活化的小胶质细胞,可能对神经有保护作用。不过,近年来也有研究显示,变性神经细胞还有贪食、处理的作用,它可以直接作为效应器来伤害神经细胞。本文讨论小胶质细胞和神经细胞相互之间的作用,以及这些作用对神经变性性疾病的影响。Microglia is one of the composition of the central nervous system cells,and in a long time ago,it has to be conf ir med. From the point of view of the or igin of cells,its f u nction also is not clear. In recent years,with the improvement of cell culture and cell separation technology,its work is slowly found and unriddled. Not only in terms of inf lammator y neurological diseases,when ischemic diseases and degenerative diseases occur, around the degeneration of nerve cells are also found to have activated microglia. These activated microglias may have protective effect on the ner vous. In recent years,however,some st udy shows,the degeneration of ner ve cells has the effect of glut tony and treatment,it can directly be as an effector to hurt nerve cell. In this paper we discuss the interaction between microglias and nerve cells,and these effects to the inf luence of neurodegenerative diseases.

关 键 词：小胶质细胞 神经细胞 神经变性性疾病 细胞因子 谷氨酸 肿瘤坏死因子α 干扰素Β 多发性硬化(MS) 阿尔茨海默氏病(AD) 

分 类 号：R749.1[医药卫生—神经病学与精神病学]