柞蚕黄色蛹和黑色蛹的营养成分检测分析  

Determination and Analysis of Nutritional Ingredients in Yellow and Black Pupae of Antheraea pernyi

作　　者：王林美[1] 李树英[1] 岳冬梅[1] 

机构地区：[1]辽宁省农业科学院大连生物技术研究所,辽宁大连116024

出　　处：《蚕业科学》2013年第4期771-777,共7页ACTA SERICOLOGICA SINICA

基　　金：现代农业产业技术体系专项(No.CARS-22);"十二五"国家科技支撑计划项目(No.2013BAD16B09-1)

摘　　要：食用柞蚕蛹有黄色蛹和黑色蛹。为了科学评价2种颜色柞蚕蛹的营养价值,对2种蛹的主要营养成分进行测定分析。黄色蛹和黑色蛹鲜质量中的蛋白质质量分数分别为12.42%和12.83%,氨基酸质量分数分别为9.64%和8.61%,均含有8种人体必需氨基酸,必需氨基酸分别占总氨基酸质量的34.34%和34.15%,必需氨基酸与非必需氨基酸的比值分别为0.616 4和0.611 2,依据FAO/WHO推荐模式计算获得的必需氨基酸指数(EAAI)分别为97.53和84.19。黄色蛹和黑色蛹鲜质量中的粗脂肪质量分数分别为5.34%和5.91%,且不饱和脂肪酸所占比率均较高,分别为总脂肪的80.72%和80.16%,但必需脂肪酸质量分数有差异,黄色蛹为53.03%,黑色蛹为49.61%。此外,2种颜色柞蚕蛹均含有Mg、Fe、Zn、K、Ca、Cu、Mn等多种矿物质元素,均未检出Pb、Hg、As等重金属元素。综合分析检测数据认为,柞蚕黄色蛹和黑色蛹均属优质蛋白质食品,其中黄色蛹的营养价值略优于黑色蛹。Edible Antheraea pernyi pupae are of two types： yellow pupae and black pupae.In order to scientifically elevate nutritional value of edible Antheraea pernyi pupae,main nutritional ingredients of these two different pupae were determined and analyzed.The result showed that the main ingredients and their contents in yellow and black pupae were as follows： mass fraction of proteins was 12.42% and 12.83% respectively,mass fraction of amino acids was 9.64% and 8.61% respectively,there were 8 kinds of essential amino acids for human in both yellow and black pupae,the ratio of essential amino acids to total amino acids was 34.34% and 34.15% respectively,and the ratio of essential amino acids to non-essential amino acids was 0.616 4 and 0.611 2 respectively.The essential amino acids index（EAAI） was 97.53 and 84.19 respectively based on the recommended pattern by FAO/WHO.The mass fraction of crude fat was 5.34% and 5.91% respectively,among which the content of unsaturated fatty acids was relatively higher,accounting for 80.72% and 80.16% of total fat respectively.However,the mass fraction of essential fatty acids was different,with a ratio of 53.03% in yellow pupae and 49.61% in black pupae respectively.Pupae of both colors had various mineral elements including Mg,Fe,Zn,K,Ca,Cu,and Mn.No heavy mineral elements,such as Pb,Hg and As,were detected.Based on these data,it was concluded that both yellow and black pupae of Antheraea pernyi are excellent protein food,and the nutritional value of yellow pupae was slightly higher than that of the black pupae.

关 键 词：柞蚕 黄色蛹 黑色蛹 蛋白质 氨基酸 脂肪酸 矿物质元素 

分 类 号：S885.1[农业科学—特种经济动物饲养] TS201.4[农业科学—畜牧兽医]