不同类型茄对镉的富集及嫁接对镉富集特性的影响  

Cadmium accumulation in different eggplant cultivars and the effects of grafting on the cadmium accumulation characteristics

作　　者：秦秦[1,2] 李雪梅[3] 台培东[1] 刘宛[1] 冯倩[4] 邓鑫[1,2] 马俊[5,2] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院沈阳应用生态研究所污染生态与环境工程重点实验室,沈阳110016 [2]中国科学院大学,北京100049 [3]沈阳师范大学化学与生命科学学院,沈阳110034 [4]江西省水利科学研究院,南昌330029 [5]中国科学院沈阳应用生态研究所森林与土壤生态国家重点实验室,沈阳110164

出　　处：《生态学杂志》2013年第8期2043-2048,共6页Chinese Journal of Ecology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(21077113和40930739);沈阳大学区域污染环境生态修复教育部重点实验室基金项目资助

摘　　要：以普通茄(Solanum melongena,绿健)和野生茄(S.torvum,托鲁巴姆)为实验材料,通过对嫁接处理前后7叶龄植株开展7d含Cd水培实验(Cd浓度为0.1mg·L-1),研究Cd在不同类型茄体内的富集特征以及嫁接对茄体内Cd运输途径和富集特性的影响。结果表明:绿健对Cd的富集能力强于托鲁巴姆。不同部位器官中Cd的分布特征为根>叶>茎,其中植株吸收的Cd80.0%左右富集于根部;不同部位叶片,Cd优先富集于植株顶端幼叶中。嫁接使得Cd在茄地上部的富集量明显减少,接穗Cd的富集量均显著低于砧木:以绿健为对照,正向嫁接减少了48.4%,反向嫁接减少了34.2%,托鲁巴姆自嫁接减少了88.5%;以托鲁巴姆为对照,仅自嫁接地上部Cd富集量减少了58.0%。嫁接减少Cd在茄体内富集的原因可能是嫁接使接穗与砧木植物韧皮部结构产生了差异,由此推断Cd在茄体内的长距离运输过程中韧皮部起到了关键作用。A hydroponic experiment was conducted to study the cadmium （Cd） accumulation in different eggplant cultivars （common Solanum melongena and wild S. torvum） and the effects of grafting on the Cd accumulation and transportation. 0.1 mg Cd＆middot;L-1 was added to the nutrient solution for 7 days after 44 days of eggplant growth. The Cd accumulation in S. melongena was higher than that in S. torvum. The Cd concentrations in different parts of the eggplants ranked as root 〉 leaf 〉 stem, and the accumulated Cd in roots accounted for approximately 80.0% of the total. The Cd concentration accumulated in young leaves was higher than that in old leaves growing on the same stems. Grafting decreased the Cd accumulation in shoots significantly, and the Cd concentration in scions was significantly lower than that in rootstocks. As compared with S. melongena, grafting on S. torvum reduced the shoot Cd concentration by 48.4%, grafting on S. melongena reduced the shoot Cd concentration by 34.2%, while selfgrafting on S. torvum reduced the shoot Cd concentration by 88.5%. As compared with S. torvum, the shoot Cd concentration of the eggplants selfgrafted on S. torvum reduced by 58.0%. The decrease of the Cd accumulation in eggplant shoots due to grafting could be induced by the discrepancies between the phloem structure of rootstock and scion plants after grafting. It was speculated that phloem played an important role in the Cd transportation from root to shoot.

关 键 词：CD 茄 嫁接 韧皮部 富集 运输 

分 类 号：X173[环境科学与工程—环境科学]