细颗粒物(PM_(2.5))与植被关系的研究综述  

Interactions between fine particulate matter (PM_(2.5)) and vegetation:A review

作　　者：赵晨曦[1] 王玉杰[1] 王云琦[1] 张会兰[1] 

机构地区：[1]北京林业大学水土保持学院,北京100083

出　　处：《生态学杂志》2013年第8期2203-2210,共8页Chinese Journal of Ecology

基　　金：国家林业公益性行业科研专项(20130430103)资助

摘　　要：细颗粒物即PM2.5,粒径小,沉降困难,危害严重,植被在一定程度上有助于减轻颗粒物污染。本文从阐述PM2.5的沉降机理出发,分析PM2.5与植被之间的相互作用。植被的阻滞吸收作用对大气颗粒物移除存在积极影响,而过多的空气颗粒物滞留对植物生长起到一定的负面作用,但以植被对大气颗粒物的移除为主导作用。以此为基础,从林分尺度-环境特性、单木尺度-树种特性和叶片尺度-颗粒物种类和分布特性这3个角度出发,结合外界影响因素(气象学要素、空气动力学要素、大气颗粒浓度水平、植物物候变化)、气室实验以及滞留颗粒物特征等阐述植被林冠、枝干及叶片等对移除PM2.5的影响。最后,文章指出今后的研究应当向定量化方向发展,注重不同树种移除PM2.5能力的对比分析及系统研究,并针对研究区域确定防治大气PM2.5污染的优势树种。Due to its small size and inertia tendency of sedimentation, fine particulate matter （PM2.5） seriously pollutes the environment, while vegetation can alleviate the pollution from particulate matters to a certain extent. Based on the previous studies on the sedimentation mechanisms of PM2.5, this paper analyzed the interactions between PM2.5 and vegetation. Through blockage and adsorption, vegetation can positively remove atmospheric particulates, whereas the retention of excessive particulates can negatively affect plant growth. However, the positive effect of vegetation on atmospheric particulates is overweighed the negative effect. This paper elaborated the effects of vegetation crown, stem, and blade on the removal of PM2.5 at the scales of forest stand （environment features）, individual tree （tree species characteristics）, and blade sample （types and distribution of particulates）, and with the considerations of environmental factors （meteorological and aerodynamical elements, atmospheric particle concentration, and plant phenology）, air chamber experiment, and characteristics of particulates retained by blade. It was suggested that in the further researches, quantitative measurement should be preferred, with the focuses on the comparative analysis and systematic study about the PM2.5 removal capability of different kinds of vegetation and on the determination of dominant tree species for the prevention of atmospheric PM2.5 pollution in a certain place.

关 键 词：沉降机理 相互作用 移除 多尺度 PM2 5 

分 类 号：X513[环境科学与工程—环境工程]