中国城市环境治理效率评估及其时空变异研究  

The Evaluation of Urban Environmental Governance Efficiency of China and Its Temporal-Spatial Changes Study

作　　者：王亲[1] 郭峰[1] 许新宇[2] 李伟伟[2] 

机构地区：[1]兰州大学西部环境教育部重点实验室,兰州730000 [2]兰州大学资源环境学院,兰州730000

出　　处：《世界地理研究》2012年第4期153-162,共10页World Regional Studies

摘　　要：城市环境治理和保护是当前热点,城市环境治理效率的高低对其具有决定性作用,并制约城市的可持续发展。本文从资金、资本、技术、劳动投入、经济、社会和环境产出七个层面构建评价指标体系,运用DEA模型测评了2003-2009年间中国270个地级及其以上城市环境治理效率,结果显示:1)中国城市环境治理效率长期普遍较低,其规模效率>技术效率>综合效率;2)我国城市环境治理效率时间序列变化和空间分异显著,长期保持"大分散—小集中"的总体特征;3)技术投入和资本投入是提升城市环境治理效率的关键因素,且资本投入已呈负相关;4)以0.9为城市环境治理的技术效率和规模效率界线,可将270个样本城市分为高技术效率-高规模效率的HT-HS型、高技术效率-低规模效率HT-LS型、低技术效率-高规模效率的LT-HS型、低技术效率-低规模效率的LT-LS型4类,且各类城市数量HT-LS型>LT-LS型>LT-HS型>HT-HS型;5)以冗余度大于20%为界,将城市环境治理效率优化模式分为保持现状型、资金节约型、资本节约型、劳动节约型、技术节约型5个发展模式,且近半城市宜采取维持现状型和四管齐下型发展模式。The urban environment management and protection is the current hot topic, the level of urban environmental governance efficiency plays a decisive role to the urban environmental management and improvement and restricts urban sustainable development. This paper from the fund, capital, technology, labor input, economy, social and environ- mental output seven aspects, constructing evaluation index system, using DEA model to assess the urban environmental governance efficiency of 270 cities in China during 2003-2007, the results show： 1） the urban environmental governance efficiency in long-term of china is generally low, scale efficiency〉 technical efficiency〉 comprehensive efficiency; 2） the urban environmental governance efficiency of china in time series change and spatial differentiation is significant, the characteristics in long-term maintain large dispersion - small concentration; 3 Technology and capital investment are the keyfactors to improve urban environmental governance efficiency, and capital investment has negative correlation; 4） To 0.9 for technical efficiency and scale efficiency boundaries of the urban environmental governance, divided 270 sample cities into four classes, there are the high-tech efficiency - high scale efficiency of HT-HS type, the high-tech efficien- cy-low scale efficiency of HT-LS type, the low technical efficiency-high scale efficiency of the LT-HS type and the low technical efficiency-low scale efficiency of LT- LS type, and the cities numbers of four types is HT-LS〉LT-LS〉 LT-HS〉 HT-HS; 5） To redundan- cy more than 20% as the boundary, divided the urban environmental governance effi- ciency optimization model into five development models, there are the maintain the sta- tus quo, money-saving, capital-saving, labor-saving, technology-saving five, and nearly half of the cities can take to maintain the status quo and four-pronged type development model.

关 键 词：城市环境治理效率 投入产出效率 数据包络分析(DEA) 

分 类 号：X22[环境科学与工程—环境科学]