云南省教师吸烟行为及控烟知识态度  

Knowledge attitude and practice of tobacco control among teachers in Yunnan province

作　　者：刘毅[1] 赵白帆[1] 

机构地区：[1]云南省健康教育所,昆明650118

出　　处：《中国学校卫生》2013年第7期802-805,共4页Chinese Journal of School Health

摘　　要：目的了解云南省大中小学教师吸烟状况、对烟草的知识和态度以及控烟教学活动开展情况,为指导开展无烟校园干预工作提供参考依据。方法通过三阶段随机抽样方法,在昆明、普洱和楚雄抽取27所大中小学的811名教师,进行面对面的问卷调查。结果云南大中小学教师的吸烟率、现在吸烟率和戒烟率分别为22.56%,16.76%和25.68%。男教师的吸烟率、现在吸烟率和戒烟率为52.8%,39.52%和25.13%,女教师的吸烟率、现在吸烟率和戒烟率为0.85%,0.43%和50.00%。在控烟教学活动中,大中小学教师在告知学生吸烟危害健康、教学生拒烟技巧、获预防吸烟的资料和接受预防学生吸烟的培训差异均有统计学意义(P值均<0.01)。男女教师在教拒烟技巧和获预防吸烟资料方面差异有统计学意义(P值均<0.05)。大中小学教师对尼古丁是引起多种癌症的化学物质、教师应是不吸烟的榜样、应在学校范围内禁烟和教师应指导学生拒烟或戒烟的知晓率/态度持有率差异有统计学意义(P值均<0.05)。吸烟者和非吸烟者对低焦油低尼古丁的烟危害很小、尼古丁是引起癌症的化学物质、被动吸烟对健康的危害很小、吸烟成瘾是一种慢性疾病、教师应是不吸烟的榜样、应在学校范围内禁烟的知晓率差异有统计学意义(P值均<0.05)。结论云南省教师存在不同程度的校园吸烟现象,且对烟草相关知识的掌握仍有不足。应普及教师控烟知识和技能的培训。Objective To understand the conditions of smoking, the knowledge and attitudes of tobacco and the teaching activities of tobacco control among college, secondary and primary teachers in Yunnan province, and to provide scientific references for the intervention about building no-smoking school. Methods Three-stage simple random sampling was used to select teachers for face to face survey among 811 teachers in Kunming, Puer and Chuxiong. Results The smoking rate, current smoking rate and the smoking cessation rate were respectively 22.56% , 16.76% and 25.68% among teachers. The male teachers＂ smoking rate, current smoking rate and the smoking cessation rate was 52.8% , 39.52% and 25.13%. The female teachers＂ was 0.85% , 0.43% and 50.0%. In the teaching activities of tobacco control, there was significantly statistical differences among that teacher told students smoking was harmful, teacher taught students about rejecting the skill of smoking, teacher gained preventive smoking materials, and accepted training for preventive smoking in schools, rejecting the skill of smoking, gaining preventive smoking materials （ P〈0.05 ）. For Smokers and non-sm0kers, there were statistical differences among that tobacco with low tar or low nicotine were little dangerous, nicotine was a chemical for causing cancers, passive smoking was a little health risk, addiction to smoking was a chronic disease, teacher should be a nonsmoker example and smoking must be prohibited in school（ P〈0.05）. Conclusion Smoking is popular among teachers at different degrees in schools. Teachers are lack of tobacco related knowledge and training. It should be promoted to popularize knowledge and skill on tobacco.

关 键 词：吸烟 戒烟 知识 态度 健康教育 

分 类 号：G479[文化科学—教育学] R163[文化科学—教育技术学]