铅胁迫对夏玉米淀粉粒度分布特性及子粒产量、品质的影响  

Effects of Pb Stress on Starch Granule Size Distribution, Yield and Quality Character in Grains of Summer Maize

作　　者：石德杨[1] 李艳红[1] 董树亭[1] 

机构地区：[1]山东农业大学农学院,作物生物学国家重点实验室,山东泰安271018

出　　处：《玉米科学》2013年第4期72-76,共5页Journal of Maize Sciences

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(31171479);玉米现代产业技术(ny-hyzx07-003);农业部玉米产业技术体系项目(CARS-02);国家重大基础研究(201203096)

摘　　要：采用盆栽试验,以郑单958为供试材料,研究铅胁迫对玉米成熟期子粒胚乳中淀粉粒度分布及子粒产量、品质性状的影响。以2μm和15μm为界限,将淀粉粒分为小型、中型和大型3类。结果表明,玉米淀粉粒主要由小型淀粉粒构成,占总淀粉粒数目的 96.15%～97.24%。随铅胁迫水平增加,中、小型淀粉粒体积分布对总体积分布贡献率、表面积分布对总表面积分布贡献率呈先降低后升高趋势,大型淀粉粒趋势相反;小型淀粉粒数目分布对总淀粉粒数目贡献率呈先降低后升高趋势,大、中型淀粉粒趋势相反。铅胁迫显著影响夏玉米子粒产量及品质性状,表现为总淀粉含量呈先降低后升高趋势,而生物量积累、产量及其他品质指标变化趋势相反。子粒中铅元素含量随施铅量增加呈线性增加,相关系数R2=0.983 3。土壤中铅含量应控制在284 mg/kg以下。A pot experiment with conventional maize cuhivar ZD958 was conducted to study the effect of Pb on the changes of the starch granule size distribution, yield and quality character in grains. Taking 2 μm and 15 μm as limit, the starch particles were divided into three types： small starch granule group, middle starch granule group and large starch granule group. The results showed that maize starch granule was mainly composed by small starch granule group which was accounted for 96.15%-97.24% of the total starch. The medium and small starch granule size distribu- tion group was trend to increase at first and then decrease with the applied level of lead increasing, and the large starch granule group was on the contrary. Lead stress had a significant impact on summer maize grain yield and quality traits. It showed that the total starch content was at first decreased and then increased, but biomass accumulation, production and other quality indicator change trend instead. Grain lead element content was increased with the lead a linear in- crease, the correlation coefficient of R2=0.983 3. In this experiment conditions, when soil lead up to 284 mg/kg, which meet the national safety standards, it is suggested that the soil lead should be controlled under 284 mg/kg.

关 键 词：夏玉米 淀粉 铅胁迫 粒度分布 产量 品质 

分 类 号：S513.01[农业科学—作物学]