我国机械工业节能的形势及任务  

Energy Saving Situation and Tasks of China’s Mechanical Industry

作　　者：渠时远[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]中国能源研究会节能与企业能源管理专业委员会,北京100048 [2]北京达华世纪低碳研究院,北京100005

出　　处：《中外能源》2013年第8期91-94,共4页Sino-Global Energy

摘　　要："十一五"期间我国机械工业单位增加值能耗逐年下降,但由于产业规模大,生产过程中依然消耗了大量能源,大中型企业万元工业增加值耗用钢材从2005年的0.4702t降至2010年的0.3046t,部分产品能源效率已接近世界先进水平。但还是存在一些问题,如一些适于采用先进工艺装备实现集中规模化生产的热加工分散、重复严重,多数产品能源效率低于国际先进水平,机械热加工工艺技术明显滞后,材料利用率低等。机械工业的生产节能主要是降低生产过程中的电、水、气消耗,并把产生的热量等副产品加以利用。"十二五"期间机械工业生产过程的节能潜力约为4000×104～5000×104t标煤,机械产品的节能潜力约为2×108t标煤左右。经测算,机械工业万元工业增加值综合能耗将由2010年的0.40t标煤下降到2015年的0.31t标煤。我国机械工业应大力发展绿色制造业,优化结构、推进节能减排,加强节能管理体系建设和行业节能基础性工作,加快技术进步,提高材料利用率。The Chinese mechanical industry’s energy consumption in adding one unit of output value dropped yearly during the Eleventh Five-Year Plan period.However,due to its large size,the industry still consumed a large amount of energy in the production process.Large and medium-sized enterprises ’ steel product consumption in adding 10000 RMB of industrial value dropped to 0.3046t in 2010 from 0.4702t in 2005 and their energy efficiency in producing some products has approached the world ’ s most advanced level.However,problems remain.Some hot working capacities suitable for centralized mass production based on advanced technolo gy and equipment are widely scattered and highly haphazard,the energy efficiencies in producing most products are lower than advanced levels in the world,mechanical hot working technology is considerably outdated and the utilization rates of materials are low.The focus of the mechanical industry ’ s energy saving effort in the production process is to reduce the consumption of power,water and gas and to utilize the byproducts such as heat.The mechanical industry has the potential for saving up to 4000 ×104-5000×104t of coal equivalent of energy in the production process during the Twelfth Five-Year Plan period and the energy-saving potential of mechanical products is about 2 ×108t of coal equivalent.Calculations show that the mechanical industry’ s overall energy consumption in adding 10000 RMB of industrial value will drop to 0.31t of coal equivalent in 2015 from 0.40t in 2010.The mechanical industry should aggressively develop a ＂green＂ manufacturing industry,optimize its structure,promote energy saving and emission reduction,strengthen the construction of energy-saving management systems and basic work in relation to energy saving,accelerate technological advancement and raise the utilization rates of materials.

关 键 词：机械工业 综合能耗 能源效率 热加工 材料利用率 节能潜力 绿色制造业 

分 类 号：F426.4[经济管理—产业经济] F206