电子磁罗盘航向角误差推导及分析  

Deduction and analysis of heading angle error for electronic magnetic compass

作　　者：李艳[1] 管斌[2,3] 王成宾[2] 白云超[2] 

机构地区：[1]长安大学信息工程学院,西安710064 [2]西安测绘研究所,西安710054 [3]信息工程大学地理空间信息学院,郑州450052

出　　处：《仪器仪表学报》2013年第7期1566-1572,共7页Chinese Journal of Scientific Instrument

基　　金：国家自然科学基金青年科学基金(41004080)资助项目

摘　　要：在不考虑罗差影响的前提下,针对产生磁罗盘航向角误差的因素以及各因素的影响程度进行了计算及分析。首先介绍了磁罗盘的工作原理,在此基础上推导了磁航向角误差的计算式,该式表明磁航向角误差与当地磁倾角、载体俯仰角、载体航向角、水平姿态误差有关。基于该式对一般环境下磁航向角误差的仿真结果表明:当磁倾角为45°、水平姿态误差均不超过±0.5°时,磁航向角误差不超过±1°。进一步分别对各误差因素的影响进行了仿真分析,结果表明在高纬度地区或载体具有运动加速度时使用磁罗盘容易造成较大的磁航向角误差。车载实验结果验证了所推导公式的有效性。Under the precondition of not considering the compass deviation influence, the factors causing magnetic compass heading angle error and the influence levels of various factors are calculated and analyzed. Firstly, the operation principle of the magnetic compass is presented, and then the calculation formula of magnetic heading angle error is deduced. The formula shows that the magnetic heading error is related to local magnetic inclination, as well as the carrier pitch angle, yaw angle and level attitude errors. Based on the deduced formula, the magnetic heading error was simulated under normal condition, and the simulation result shows that while the magnetic inclination is 45° and level attitude error is less than ± 0.5 °, the magnetic heading error is less than 1°. Furthermore, the effects of magnetic inclination and acceleration were analyzed in simulation, respectively, and the results show that in high latitude region or for the carrier with acceleration, larger heading error can occur when magnetic compass is used. The vehicle experi- ment results verify the effectiveness of the deduced formula.

关 键 词：电子磁罗盘 磁航向角 误差分析 水平姿态误差 磁倾角 

分 类 号：V241.61[航空宇航科学与技术—飞行器设计] TH76[机械工程—仪器科学与技术]