合意与强制:论集体土地征收三大难题的破解——以英国土地强制购买制度为视角  

Consensus and Compulsion:On Resolutions of Land Expropriation Difficulties —— From the Perspective of Compulsory Purchase System in UK

作　　者：徐文[1] 

机构地区：[1]西南政法大学民商法学院,重庆401120

出　　处：《学术界》2013年第7期222-230,312,共9页Academics

摘　　要：土地财政、土地话语权、土地发展权是当前困扰我国集体土地征收制度的三大难题,难题破解的关键在于如何对征收行为之行政属性和民事属性在制度设计中进行序位重构,以及如何从私法视角设计具体方案以转变土地财政模式、保证土地话语权实现、保障土地发展权在国有化基础上收益共享。英国强制购买制度运行已逾半世纪,以平等自主、征购分离、先购后征、效率一体为特征,通过合意购买与强制购买两环节引导制度运行,其购买通知制度、土地分割购买限制制度、补偿款提存与单务契约执行制度、土地强制进入制度等对我国破解不动产征收三大难题、创建不动产征购制度具有重大启示意义与借鉴价值。The land expropriation system in China is obstructed by three difficulties,namely land-based finance,land discourse power,and land development rights.To solve these difficulties and achieve the goal of reform the land-based finance,the goal of ensure equal participation rights and the goal of realizing the pooling of land development rights,the administrative nature and civil nature of land expropriation actions needs to be reorganized and the private law perspective need to be adopted.The compulsory purchase system in UK has been operated for more than half a century.It is featured with equality and autonomous,the separation of expropriation and purchase,the preposition of purchase system,and the high efficiency.Generally speaking,the compulsory purchase system is composed of two mechanisms,namely the voluntary offer mechanism and the compulsory purchase mechanism.Among several sub-systems beneath them,the notice to treat system,the limited compulsory purchase on divided land system,the deposit of compensation and execution of deed poll system and the entry of land system have significant enlightenment meanings and reference values for the resolution of land expropriation difficulties in China.

关 键 词：英国强制购买制度 集体土地征购 土地财政 土地发展权 土地话语权 

分 类 号：F301[经济管理—产业经济]