三种药品联合毒性作用及其环境风险分析  

Joint toxicity and environmental risk analysis of three common pharmaceuticals

作　　者：董玉瑛[1] 邹学军[1] 陈峥[1] 丁玲[1] 

机构地区：[1]大连民族学院环境科学与工程系,大连116605

出　　处：《环境化学》2013年第7期1257-1262,共6页Environmental Chemistry

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(21077022);辽宁省教育厅高等学校科研项目计划(L2010100)资助

摘　　要：测定了阿司匹林、盐酸环丙沙星和阿奇霉素3种常见活性医药成分(APIs)对发光菌的单一毒性以及混合体系的联合毒性,并应用毒性单位法(TU)、相加指数法(AI)和混合毒性指数(MTI)等方法对混合体系联合作用类型进行分析.结果表明,阿司匹林显示较高的单一毒性,联合毒性中除阿司匹林-环丙沙星二元混合体系为部分相加作用外,其它体系联合毒性均呈现为不同程度的拮抗作用.同时应用简化环境模型计算了3种医药品的预测环境浓度(PEC)和预测无效应浓度(PNEC),将风险表征参数(PEC/PNEC)作为综合评价因子,获得3种医药品目前在大连开发区污水处理厂排水中的数值较低,以阿司匹林综合评价因子最高.Single and joint toxicity of three active pharmaceutical ingredients （ APIs ）, aspirin, ciprofloxacin hydrochloride and azithromycin, were determined by applying the toxicity test to Photobacterium phosphoreum. The modes of joint toxicity for the binary mixture and ternary mixture of the three APIs were analyzed by toxic unit method （TU）, additive index method （AI） and mixed toxicity index （MTI）. The results showed that aspirin had the highest single toxicity. The joint action of aspirin and ciprofloxacin hydrochloride was partly additive, and the other mixtures were antagonistic. Based on related models, predicted environmental concentration （PEC） and predicted no-effect concentration （PNEC） of the three antibiotics in the effluent from sewage treatment plants in Dalian Developed Zone were obtained. Risk characterization parameter （PEC/ PNEC） was used as a comprehensive assessment factor. It was concluded that the current residual levels of 3 pharmaceuticals were acceptable, though aspirin showed highest risk among them.

关 键 词：活性医药成分(APIs) 发光菌 联合毒性 综合评价因子 风险分析 

分 类 号：X174[环境科学与工程—环境科学]