基于能量平衡的城市热岛效应研究进展  

Research Progress on Urban Heat Island Effect Based on Energy Balance

作　　者：肖捷颖[1] 张倩[1] 王燕[1] 季娜[1] 

机构地区：[1]河北科技大学环境科学与工程学院河北省污染防治生物技术实验室,石家庄050018

出　　处：《重庆师范大学学报（自然科学版）》2013年第4期126-131,共6页Journal of Chongqing Normal University:Natural Science

基　　金：河北省自然科学基金(No.D2010000867)

摘　　要：快速的城市化过程中产生了一系列环境问题,备受关注的有水资源短缺、生态环境脆弱以及城市热岛效应等。其中城市热岛效应问题日益突出,降低城市生态环境质量和生活质量。研究城市热岛效应的产生机理对缓解这一问题具有非常重要的理论和现实意义。本文从能量平衡的角度归纳总结了以往城市热岛效应形成机理的研究,探讨研究能量平衡方程中各分量的方法并对研究成果进行归纳总结,认为应用遥感图像与气象资料相结合分析城市地表热通量来研究城市热岛效应的成因及特征在目前是非常有效可行的方法。本文认为目前基于能量平衡研究城市热岛效应还存在不足,如相关研究仅仅在少数的城市或者针对特定的季节;城市的储热通量相对被高估;应考虑如何合理地将人为热引入能量平衡方程进而研究人为热的贡献率;增加实地测量并研究提高地面观测水平的新途径和新方法来验证所得的模拟结果。Rapid urbanization process resulted in serious environment problems, such as fragile ecology, water shortage and urban heat island （UHI） effect. UHI is one of the most important topics which attracted much more attention because of its＇ close relation with urban residents living level. The main causes of UHI are large amount of heat generated from re-radiate solar radiation by un- derlying surface and anthropogenic heat sources by factories and human daily life. UHI affect ecological environment quality and downgrade living level of urban residents, even threat to their life. So it is urgent to slowdown UHI effect development. Under- standing the formation of UHI is very significant for finding slow down UHI measurement. This study summarizes the past resear- ches about the formation mechanism of LIHI from the view point of energy balance. Also summarizes the analysis methods and re- search results of energy balance in previous studies including net radiation, anthropogenic heat, sensible heat flux, latent heat flux and storage heat flux. Authors try to present that the method for analyzing UHI by which combining remote sensing image and me- teorological data is effective and practical. Also we realized that the deficiencies of previous UHI studies base on energy balance, such as how can draw anthropogenic heat into energy balance equation reasonably and calculate its contribution rate. The other limi- tation is lack of field verification for simulation results.

关 键 词：城市热岛效应 能量平衡 人为热 

分 类 号：X24[环境科学与工程—环境科学]