咨询师和来访者对会谈感受的异同  

Counselors' and clients' perception of counseling interview

作　　者：涂永波 江光荣[1] 朱旭[1] 胡姝婧[1,3] 谢娜[2] 

机构地区：[1]青少年网络心理与行为教育部重点实验室,华中师范大学心理学院,湖北省人的发展与心理健康重点实验室,武汉430079 [2]喀什师范学院,新疆844006 [3]海军工程大学理学院,武汉430033

出　　处：《中国心理卫生杂志》2013年第7期518-522,共5页Chinese Mental Health Journal

基　　金：国家科技支撑计划课题(2009BAI77B02)

摘　　要：目的:考察咨询师和来访者对会谈效果和即时效果评价的关系,探索会谈效果与即时效果的关联方式。方法:选取29个咨询会谈,每次会谈结束后咨访双方评定会谈评估问卷(SEQ),来评定会谈效果;再以2分钟的会谈录音为1个评定单位,用会谈评估量表评定会谈即时效果的"深度"和"帮助",比较咨访双方评定会谈效果及即时效果的差异,并分析即时效果对会谈效果的预测情况。结果:咨访双方评定的会谈效果的相关无统计学意义(r=0.34,P>0.05),而即时效果呈正相关(r=0.21,0.13,均P<0.001)。来访者对即时效果的"深度"和"帮助"的评分均高于咨询师[(1.5±1.0)vs.(2.5±1.0),(1.2±0.8)vs.(2.1±1.2);均P<0.001]。咨询师所评"帮助"的极大值可以预测SEQ的深度性(R2=0.24),来访者所评"帮助"的均值可以预测SEQ的唤起性(R2=0.24)。结论:咨访双方对会谈效果的评价无关联且咨询师受会谈中印象深刻片断的影响、来访者受会谈整体印象的影响;咨访双方对即时效果的评价关联很小且来访者好于咨询师。Objective： To figure out the relationship between counselors＇ and clients＇ perception of interview session, and explore how immediate outcomes connect with session outcomes. Methods： Totally 29 sessions in a counseling center were audio taped. The Session Evaluation Questionnaire （SEQ） was finished by Counselors and clients after each session. The participants were asked to evaluate the ＂depth＂ and the ＂helpfulness＂ of immediate outcomes in units of 2-minute audio taped session. The similarities and differences of session outcomes and immedi- ate outcomes evaluated respectively by the counselors and the clients were compared, and so were how immediate outcomes expected session outcomes to some extent. Results： There was no significant correlation between clients＇ and counselors＇ perception of session outcomes （r = 0, 34, P 〉 0. 05）. However, their perception of immediate outcomes was positively correlated （r = 0. 21, 0. 13; P 〈 0. 01）. Clients＂ scores of ＂depth＂ and ＂helpfulness＂ on immediate outcomes was higher than counselors＂ [（1.5 ± 1.0） vs. （2.5 ± 1.0）, （1.2 ±0.8） vs. （2.1 ± 1.2）, P 〈 0. 001 ]. Counselors＇ perception of the depth of SEQ could be predicted by the maximum of the ＂helpfulness＂ of immediate outcomes （RE =0. 24）, and clients＇perception of the arousal of SEQ could be predicted by the average of the ＂helpfulness＂ of immediate outcomes （R^2 = 0. 24）. Conclusion： There may be no correlation between counselors＇and clients＇perception of session outcomes. Counselors＇evaluation on session outcomes may be affected by certain impressed episode, while clients＇evaluation by their overall impression of the session. There may be a weak correlation between counselors＇and clients＇perception of immediate outcomes, and clients＇perception of immediate outcomes may be better than counselors.

关 键 词：会谈感受 会谈效果 即时效果 分析水平 

分 类 号：R163[医药卫生—公共卫生与预防医学]