基于马斯洛需要层次的酒店管理专业大学生的实习满意度研究  

A Case Study of the Satisfaction at University Trainees in Hotels Based on the Theory of Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs

作　　者：熊伟[1] 丁武军[1] 蔡晓梅[1] 

机构地区：[1]华南师范大学旅游管理系,广东广州510631

出　　处：《江西科技师范学院学报》2013年第3期70-76,共7页Journal of Nanchang Vocational & Technical Techers' College

基　　金：广东省自然科学基金项目(10151052101000008);广东省软科学研究计划项目(2010B070300077);华南师范大学校级教学改革项目(S43015)

摘　　要：当前,高等院校酒店管理专业学生在实习后跨行业就业的现象比较普遍,已成为困扰酒店业和教育界的一大问题。学者对此问题高度关注,但很少基于马斯洛需要层次理论进行分析。本研究采用问卷调查法获取了大量的第一手资料,借用马斯洛需要层次探讨了广州市高等院校酒店管理专业学生的实习满意度状况及其原因,结果显示:从整体上看,广州市高等院校旅游管理专业学生的实习满意度不高,在马斯洛五大需要层次中,各层次的平均满意度由高到低排列依次为社交需要、安全需要、自我实现需要、尊重需要和生理需要。在二级指标中,加班工资、工作时间、交通补贴、领导者的行为、酒店提供的职业发展机会等指标的满意度相对较低。同时,不同酒店类型和不同实习部门的工作满意度存在明显差异。对此,本文从不同角度进行了原因分析,且提出了相关建议,并对本文局限性和后续可以开展的研究进行了讨论。＂low rate of entry ＆ high rate of abdication＂ has been a problem in hospitality industry and education circles. College and university students majoring in tourism management are not willing to choose their own profession after internship. This paper studies the factors which affect the trainee＇s job satisfaction in hotels of Guangzhou by using Maslow＇s hierarchy of needs. The result shows that： overall, the job satisfaction of college and university students in Guangzhou＇s hotels is not high. According to the Maslow＇s hierarchy of needs, the need rank （ from high to low） of the average satisfaction is social communication, safety, self- realization, respect and physiology. Meanwhile, the indexes of overtime pay, working hour, travel allowance, behavior of leader, professional development opportunity offered by hotel, prevention of occupational disease, basic wage, work communication between leader and staff, humanistic care and subjective initiative guaranteed by hotel rules and regulations are relatively low. Besides, further research found that people have different job satisfaction at different hotel types and departments Thus, it concludes the reasons from three aspects： student, hotel and society, on the basis of which, it provides some suggestions and discusses the limitation in the study.

关 键 词：马斯洛需要层次理论 酒店 实习生 满意度 

分 类 号：G642.44[文化科学—高等教育学]