半侧空间忽略的诊断及发生机制的影像学研究进展  

Study on the diagnosis and mechanism of hemispatial neglect using different imaging modalities

作　　者：黄乐乐[1] 尹雅芙[1] 李亚明[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国医科大学附属第一医院核医学科,沈阳110001

出　　处：《中华核医学与分子影像杂志》2013年第4期315-318,共4页Chinese Journal of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging

基　　金：国家自然科学基金（81000623）

摘　　要：半侧空间忽略是脑损伤后常见的一种认知功能障碍性疾病，表现为对病灶对侧或同侧空间的刺激失去反应、应答及定向能力的功能障碍。该病的诊断评估方法较多，临床常用纸笔试验，但无统一标准。其发生机制尚不清楚，普遍认同的机制为视空间注意障碍。影像学研究集中于探究引发半侧空间忽略的关键脑区。核医学显像以功能显像为优势，探测半侧空间忽略的异常脑功能区，提供异常脑功能区的血流、葡萄糖代谢、细胞活力等情况。PET在脑功能显像、分子显像方面的独特优势使其在认知功能障碍方面的应用日渐增多，为半侧空间忽略的进一步研究提供了较好的影像学方法。Hemispatial neglect is a kind of cognitive impairment characterized by failure to report, respond or orient to stimuli presented in ipsi- or contra-lateral space after brain injury, which cannot be attrib- uted to sensory or motor defects. Although there are various diagnosis and assessment methods, none is re- garded as standard. The paper and pencil test is commonly used in routine clinical workup. The mechanism is controversial and the most accepted opinion is due to visnospatial attention defect. Imaging study focuses on exploring the functional regions leading to the hemispatial neglect. As functional imaging, SPECT and PET have capability to evaluate the perfusion, glucose metabolism and cellular vitality, which have been found increasingly useful and applicable clinically in the field of diagnosis for cognitive impairment diseases. They are likely to have potential for contribution in the studv of hemisDatial neelect.

关 键 词：半侧空间忽略 诊断 放射性核素显像 发展趋势 

分 类 号：R743.3[医药卫生—神经病学与精神病学]