饵料微藻的种类和密度差异对褶皱臂尾轮虫幼虫摄食和选食行为的影响  

Effects of different species and densities of marine bait microalgae on feeding of rotifer Brachionus plicatilis neonates

作　　者：房宽[1] 唐学玺[1] 张璟[1] 王悠[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国海洋大学海洋生命学院,山东青岛266003

出　　处：《海洋环境科学》2013年第4期497-501,共5页Marine Environmental Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(41076066;41276140);海洋公益性行业科研专项经费项目(201005007;201105005)

摘　　要：实验生态条件下以饵料密度差减法研究了不同密度的四种饵料微藻:小球藻(Chlorella vulgaris Beij)、青岛大扁藻(Platymonas helgolandica Kylin var.tsingtaoensis)、等鞭金藻8701(Isochrysis galbana Parke 8701)、小新月菱形藻(Nitzschia closterium f.minutissima)对褶皱臂尾轮虫(Brachionus plicatilis)幼虫摄食的影响,分析了由等生物量混合的小球藻、青岛大扁藻、小新月菱形藻所组成的混合饵料对其摄食和选食的影响。结果表明:(1)单一饵料培养条件下褶皱臂尾轮虫幼虫滤水率和摄食率均受饵料密度的影响,滤水率随着饵料密度的增加逐渐下降,摄食率的变化略有不同即随着饵料密度的增加呈现先上升后下降的趋势;褶皱臂尾轮虫幼虫的滤水率和摄食率也均受饵料种类的影响,总体表现出滤水率青岛大扁藻>小新月菱形藻>小球藻,摄食率小球藻>小新月菱形藻>青岛大扁藻的变化规律,表明褶皱臂尾轮虫幼虫对不同种类微藻的摄食具有选择性。(2)等生物量混合的三种微藻组成的混合饵料培养条件下褶皱臂尾轮虫幼虫的滤水率和摄食率与单一微藻种类培养条件下相比发生了变化,混合饵料中三种单胞藻的滤水率、摄食率、选食率和选择性指数大小的顺序呈现一致的规律,均为小球藻>小新月菱形藻>青岛大扁藻。实验结果表明,褶皱臂尾轮虫幼虫对不同种类的微藻摄食具有选择性,小球藻是最适宜的饵料。Analysis of partical removal was used to estimate the effects of different bait species and bait density on rotifer Brachionus plicatilis neonates under controlled laboratory conditions.Four bait marine microalgae with different initial cell densities：Chlorella vulgaris Beij,Platymonas helgolandica Kylin var.tsingtaoensis,Isochrysis galbana Parke 8701 and Nitzschia closterium f.minutissima,were applied for evaluation.The result showed that：The filtering rate（F） and the feeding rate（G） of B.plicatilis neonates varied obviously with the differences of microalgae species and initial cell densities.F decreased with the increase of the initial cell density and G was different to the change of F which increased firstly and then decreased steadily beyond the centain point.F and G were affected by the bait species and the changing pattern of F presented as P.helgolandica N.closterium C.vulgaris and G presented as C.vulgaris N.closterium P.helgolandica.Result inferred that B.plicatilis neonates had food selection.To further prove the result above mentioned,the bait mixture comprised of C.vulgaris,P.helgolandica,and N.closterium with the equaled biomass was used for feeding activity and feeding selectivity of rotifer B.plicatilis neonates.Result demonstrated that F and G had differences between the mixed culture and the mono culture.F,G,Sr（food selectivity rate） and Si（selectivity index） of B.plicatilis neonates for the mixed culture showed the similar pattern,that was,C.vulgaris N.closterium P.helgolandica.Results suggested that B.plicatilis neonates had food selectivity and C.vulgaris was the optimal food source for B.plicatilis neonates.

关 键 词：褶皱臂尾轮虫幼虫 饵料微藻 摄食 选食 

分 类 号：Q178.53[生物学—水生生物学]