热带海洋潜热长期变化趋势分析  

Long-Term Trend Analysis of Latent Heat in Tropical Oceans

作　　者：公言华[1] 孙即霖[1] 时晓曚[1] 徐佳佳[1] 于斌[2] 于海利[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国海洋大学海洋环境学院,山东青岛266100 [2]解放军理工大学气象学院研管大队,江苏南京211101

出　　处：《中国海洋大学学报（自然科学版）》2013年第8期15-23,共9页Periodical of Ocean University of China

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(41276012);教育部博士点项目(20110132110017)资助

摘　　要：利用1948—2010年热带西太平洋和热带大西洋暖池区上空月平均潜热场、10m海表面风速及海气温差场,研究了西太平洋和大西洋暖池区上空潜热的多年变化特征,并分析了潜热异常与海表面10m风速及海气温差异常的关系。研究表明,热带西太平洋暖池区潜热的长期变化趋势为:年平均潜热在吕宋岛附近海区上空随时间持续增加,而在菲律宾海以东、关岛以南海区则持续减少;热带大西洋暖池区上空潜热的长期变化趋势为:年平均潜热释放在加勒比海区随时间持续增加,而在加勒比海以东及以南的热带大西洋中部地区则持续减少。对比分析表明,潜热的长期变化趋势与强台风(飓风)的长期趋势比较一致,潜热变化受强台风和飓风的影响明显。热带西太平洋暖池区6～9月的潜热长期变化与全年变化有较大差别;热带大西洋暖池区在11月到次年3月的潜热长期变化与全年变化有很大差别。潜热长期变化趋势随季节的变化在两大洋都存在冬季增加的特征。除暖流海区外,两大洋海区潜热变化主要受海表面风速的影响。Using monthly latent heat flux wind speed at 10m above sea leve and SST anomaly in regions of warm pool at Western Pacific and Atlantic from 1948 to 2010, the characteristics of long-time range varia- tion in latent heat were studied. The results showed that the latent heat in the western tropical Pacific had obvious trends being increased near Luzon region and decreased in area east of the Philippine Sea. In the tropical Atlantic, similliar increasing trend was found in the Caribbean region and decreasing trend in the east and south of the tropical mid-Atlantic region. The trends of latent heat variation were in good agree- ment with the trends of strong typhoons and hurricanes. Variations of latent heat in tropical western Pacif- ic warm pool from June to September were different from variations throughout the year and variations of latent heat in tropical Atlantic warm pool from November to next March were also different from changes throughout the year. The latent heat flux over the two oceans were increased in winter. Wind speed and specific humidity difference impacted by sea-temperature difference were the main factors affecting the changes in latent heat.

关 键 词：潜热通量 10 m海表面风速 海气温差 EOF热带西太平洋 热带大西洋 

分 类 号：P731[天文地球—海洋科学]