超临界氦贮罐实验研究及漏热分析  

Experimental research and heat loss analysis of supercritical helium dewar

作　　者：满满 张立强 帅彤 周浩洋 李新宇[2] 龚领会[3] 徐向东[3] 徐冬[3] 

机构地区：[1]北京宇航系统工程研究所,北京100076 [2]中国运载火箭技术研究院,北京100076 [3]中国科学院理化技术研究所航天低温推进剂技术国家重点实验室,北京100190

出　　处：《低温工程》2013年第4期33-37,共5页Cryogenics

基　　金：航天低温推进剂技术国家重点实验室开放研究课题(项目编号SKLTSCP1204)

摘　　要：采用高真空多层绝热结构,研制了一套超临界氦球形贮罐。对贮罐进行漏热估算和应力校核,漏热估算为1.44 W,应力符合设计要求。在液氦加注过程中,监测液氦温度波动特别大,且温度计引线管上有结霜现象出现,分析漏热原因是出现了剧烈热声振荡。将温度计引线管与增压管连通,连通后热声振荡消除。对该超临界氦贮罐进行液氦密封憋压绝热性能测试,液氦压力到达2 MPa的时间约7.5 h,压力平均上升速率为0.267 MPa/h,换算成漏热量为12 W,仍远远大于漏热估算值,分析是由于在连通管路中形成了环流,造成较大漏热。提出了该类超临界氦贮罐的设计改进原则。A spherical supercritical helium Dewar was developed with high-vacuum muhilayer thermal in- sulation. The heat loss of Dewar was estimated to be 1.44 W and the maximum stress and displacement meet requirements. During the liquid helium filling, the temperature fluctuation in Dewar occurred and the ther- mometer fairlead was covered with frost, which meant large heat loss. Thermo-acoustic oscillation, may be the reason but disappeared when connecting the thermometer fairlead and pressure inlet. The insulation perform- ance at closed status was measured. The pressure of liquid helium reached 2 MPa for 7.5 h and the rise speed was 0. 267 MPa/h. The heat loss was 12 W, which was far larger than the estimated value. The reason may be the circulating flow in the connecting pipe. The design and improvement principles were proposed at last.

关 键 词：超临界氦贮罐 绝热性能 热声振荡 减振器 

分 类 号：TB663[一般工业技术—制冷工程]