用植物SCE检测农药和食品添加剂的诱变性  

DETECTING MUTAGENIC EFFECTS OF PESTICIDES AND FOOD ADDITIVES BY USING PLANT SCE

作　　者：邢万金[1] 阙立成[2] 文为[3] 

机构地区：[1]内蒙古医学院生物教研室,呼和浩特010059 [2]内蒙古医学院科研处,呼和浩特010059 [3]内蒙古医学院物理教研室,呼和浩特010059

出　　处：《内蒙古医学院学报》2000年第3期141-144,共4页Acta Academiae Medicinae Neimongol

摘　　要：目的 :用植物姐妹染色单体交换 (SCE)检测杀虫磺、杀虫双、杀虫环、杀菌剂NF133、吲哚乙酸、久效磷和氧化乐果 7种农药和食用香精、食用色素等 7种食品添加剂量的诱变性 ,并比较其诱变作用是否与对人SCE的诱变作用一致 .方法 :蚕豆、大麦和人外周淋巴细胞姐妹染色单体交换 (SCE)。结果 :发现 7种农药都能强烈地诱导蚕豆、大麦和人外周淋巴细胞的SCE增加 ,而且诱发的SCE随着处理浓度的增加而增加。食品添加剂中香精类和防腐剂苯甲酸钠在不同的浓度下都能显著地诱导人外周淋巴细胞及植物根尖细胞SCE增加 ,而且诱发的SCE随着处理浓度的增加而增加。味精不影响植物和人外周淋巴细胞SCE。两种食用色素虽不影响人外周淋巴细胞SCE ,但能显著地诱导植物根尖细胞SCE增加 ,当把色素先用小鼠肝脏匀浆液处理后 ,就不能再诱导植物根尖细胞SCE增加。农药和食品添加剂对植物和人外周淋巴细胞SCE的诱导作用基本上是一致的。结论 :农药和食用香精类是一类对植物和人DNA较强的诱变剂。植物SCE在检测农药和食品添加剂的诱变作用上与人SCE基本上是相同的 ,且比动物SCE有方便、灵敏、费用低等特点 ,可以作为初步筛选和检测诱变剂和致癌剂的细胞遗传学手段。Objective:To investigate the mutagenic effect of seven pesticides and seven food additives by using plant SCE and compare their SCE inducing effects in human lymphocytes with those in plant root tip cells. Methods:Sister chromatid exchange(SCE) was sued in human lymphocytes and plant root tip cells.Results:The pesticides all induced a does dependent increase of SCE. Of the food additives, the flavoring essences and sodium benzoate induced a does dependent increase of SCE. Monosodium glutamate did not alter SCE in both plant rood tip cells and human lymphocytes. The food colorings, did not alter SCE in human lymphocytes, but induced SCE in plant root tip cells. However they lost the SCE inducing ability in plant root tip cells after treated with the pulp of mouse liver. Conclusion:The pesticides and some food additives, such as flavoring essences and sodium benzoate, may by mutagens and carcinogens to human and plant. The plant SCE has the same efficency as human lymphocyte SCE in detecting mutagens and carcinogens, and have the advantages of simplicity, inexpensiveness, higher sensitivity over the human SCE. Thus it may be used as an assay to detecting mutagens and carcinogens.

关 键 词：SCE 农药 食品添加剂 植物 人外周淋巴细胞 

分 类 号：Q344[生物学—遗传学]