河流水电资源的梯级开发对生态环境的影响  

Impact of cascade hydropower development on ecological environment

作　　者：杨净[1] 王宁[1] 陈燕[2] 

机构地区：[1]东北师范大学环境学院,长春130024 [2]大连经济技术开发区环境监测站,大连116600

出　　处：《水资源与水工程学报》2013年第4期58-62,共5页Journal of Water Resources and Water Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目资助(40673059)

摘　　要：主要研究对河流的水电能资源进行梯级开发所带来的生态影响。从水文、水环境、生物、水土流失等方面进行分析,并应用灰色GM(1,1)模型,对第二松花江流域的三个断面、八项指标进行预测和评价。结果表明:流域梯级电站的建设,有利于流域内鱼类资源数量的增加、显著减少输沙量,但会不同程度地减少河流年平均流量、对开发和保护鱼类种类有负面影响。因此,河流水电的梯级开发需要谨慎规划,合理调度,各级大坝的选址、坝高、运行期间的蓄水量等都会影响到整个流域的生态安全。The impact of cascade hydropower development on the ecological environment have been stud- ied from the aspects of hydrology, water environment, biology and soil erosion. The paper predicted and evaluated the eight environmental affecting factors of three sections in second Songhua river basin by use of GM （ 1, 1 ） model. It turned out that cascade development of river hydropower is benefit to the in- crease of fish resources quantity and the decrease of sediment discharge, decreases annual average runoff to a certain extent and has negative influence on the protection of fish species. Therefore, the cascade hy- dropower development need careful planning and ration scheduling, the site selection, darn height, and impoundment of each level have great impact on the ecological security of the whole river basin.

关 键 词：水电梯级开发 环境影响 生态安全 GM(1 1) 

分 类 号：TV211.14[水利工程—水文学及水资源]