Overcoming maladaptive plasticity through plastic compensation  

作　　者：Matthew R.J. MORRIS Sean M. ROGERS 

机构地区：[1]Department of Biological Sciences, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada T2N 1N4

出　　处：《Current Zoology》2013年第4期526-536,共11页动物学报（英文版）

摘　　要：Most species evolve within fluctuating environments, and have developed adaptations to meet the challenges posed by environmental heterogeneity. One such adaptation is phenotypic plasticity, or the ability of a single genotype to produce multiple environmentally-induced phenotypes. Yet, not all plasticity is adaptive. Despite the renewed interest in adaptive phenotypic plas- ticity and its consequences for evolution, much less is known about maladaptive plasticity. However, maladaptive plasticity is likely an important driver of phenotypic similarity among populations living in different environments. This paper traces four strategies for overcoming maladaptive plasticity that result in phenotypic similarity, two of which involve genetic changes （standing genetic variation, genetic compensation） and two of which do not （standing epigenetic variation, plastic compensation）. Plastic compensation is defined as adaptive plasticity overcoming maladaptive plasticity. In particular, plastic compensation may increase the likelihood of genetic compensation by facilitating population persistence. We provide key terms to disentangle these aspects of phenotypic plasticity and introduce examples to reinforce the potential importance of plastic compensation for under- standing evolutionary change

关 键 词：HOMEOSTASIS CANALIZATION Ecological speciation Standing genetic variation Genetic compensation Countergradi-ent variation 

分 类 号：S718.512[农业科学—林学] TQ320.52[化学工程—合成树脂塑料工业]