小试膜生物反应器(MBR)中活性污泥微生物种群结构的演变  

Analysis on succession of activated sludge microbial community composition in a lab-scale membrane bioreactor

作　　者：范艳明[1] 孙宝盛[1] 张斌[2] 于凤庆[1] 

机构地区：[1]天津大学环境科学与工程学院,天津300072 [2]军事医学科学院卫生学环境医学研究所,天津300050

出　　处：《环境化学》2013年第6期1045-1050,共6页Environmental Chemistry

摘　　要：以膜生物反应器中的活性污泥为研究对象,考察接种驯化至膜污染时期的微生物群落结构的特征和演变过程.在试验运行中,定期采集样品提取DNA,并应用PCR-DGGE技术探究微生物菌群的变化.结果表明,在反应器运行接种5 d后,微生物群落结构已发生较大改变,与接种污泥相似性指数下降到47.8%;在运行的整个过程中,微生物种群多样性都要低于接种污泥,随着处理工艺运行,种群间进行逐步有序的演替.在运行后期,跨膜压力增速提高,此时占优势地位的菌种是Enterococcus faecalis、Comamonas sp.、不可培养的Fusobacterium sp.,可能是导致膜污染的主要菌种.In order to investigate the characteristic and succession of the microbial community composition from the inoculation and domestication stage to the membrane fouling stage,the activated sludge in MBR was studied.In the experiment,the sludge samples were collected and the bacterial genomic DNA was extracted periodically.And the PCR-DGGE was applied to analyse the change of the microbial community.The results showed that the change was obvious and the index of similarity dropped to 47.8% in the primary operation process,and the microbial diversity in the entire operation process was lower than the inoculated sludge.In addition,the microbial composition changed dynamically during the operation of MBR.With the rise of trans-membrane pressure,the preponderant strains that increased in the later stage of operation were Enterococcus faecalis,Comamonas sp.and uncultured Fusobacterium sp.,which probably led to membrane fouling.

关 键 词：膜生物反应器 PCR-DGGE 微生物种群结构 微生物多样性 膜污染 

分 类 号：X703[环境科学与工程—环境工程]