三峡蓄水后宜昌至武汉段新水沙特性研究  

Research on new characteristics of runoff and sediment in Yichang-Wuhan reach of middle Yangtze River after TGR impoundment

作　　者：杨燕华[1] 张明进[1] 王建军[1] 

机构地区：[1]交通运输部天津水运工程科学研究院工程泥沙交通行业重点实验室,天津300456

出　　处：《水道港口》2013年第4期327-334,共8页Journal of Waterway and Harbor

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(51209112);国家高技术研究发展计划(863计划)(2012AA112508);中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务费专项资金资助项目(TKS120102;TKS120201);西部交通建设科技项目(201132822430;20113282241760)

摘　　要：文章采用Mann-Kendall非参数秩次检验法,分析宜昌站和汉口站来水来沙数据的变化趋势和突变情况,研究三峡工程蓄水运用后宜昌至武汉河段的新水沙特性。结果表明,三峡水库的运行调平了流量过程,使得枯水期缩短,中水期延长;三峡水库开始运用后,两站年输沙量和部分月份月输沙量发生突变,输沙量急剧减少;进入宜昌至武汉河段的泥沙大幅度减少,几乎可以认为是"清水"下泄;出库"清水"从沿程河床获取泥沙后不饱和度降低,输沙量得到一定程度恢复。The impoundment of the Three Gorges Reservoir （TGR） has changed the characteristics of runoff and sediment at the downstream of the dam. In order to research the new characteristics of runoff and sediment in Yichang-Wuhan reach of the middle Yangtze Rive after TGR impoundment, the variation tendency and sudden change of the runoff and sediment data of Yichang and Hankou hydrologic stations were analyzed with Mann- Kendall method. The analysis results demonstrate that： after TGR impoundment, the water runoff process has been adjusted. The time in dry season has been shortened and that in median water period has been prolonged. Annual sediment discharge and some of monthly sediment discharge in the two hydrologic stations have changed suddenly, and the sediment passing into Yichang-Wuhan reach has been substantially reduced, so the water discharged from the dam can be ahnost thought of as ＂clear water＂. Research shows unsaturated degree of the clear water released from reservoirs decreased after obtaining sediment along the river, so the sediment discharge would be partly recovered.

关 键 词：三峡蓄水运用 径流量 输沙量 Mann—Kendall检验法 宜汉河段 长江 

分 类 号：TV142[水利工程—水力学及河流动力学] O242.1[理学—计算数学]