流动儿童孤独感、自我接纳和行为问题调查  

Loneliness,self-acceptance and behavioral problems among migrant children

作　　者：林盈盈[1] 唐峥华[1] 刘丹[1] 覃玉宇[1] 吴俊端[1] 张伟源[1] 韦波[1] 

机构地区：[1]广西医科大学公共卫生学院医学心理学与行为医学教研室,广西南宁530021

出　　处：《中国公共卫生》2013年第9期1256-1260,共5页Chinese Journal of Public Health

基　　金：广西自然科学基金(桂科自0991130)

摘　　要：目的了解流动儿童孤独感、自我接纳及行为问题的现况及其影响因素,为探讨适宜的干预方案提供依据。方法选取广西南宁市城郊结合部3所小学的全部在校流动儿童573人为流动组,同校的其他儿童1 580人为对照组,采用自编儿童一般情况调查表、儿童孤独量表(CLS)、自我接纳问卷(SAQ)与Rutter儿童行为问卷(教师版)(BRSC)进行心理测评。结果流动儿童的孤独感阳性率为12.31%,行为问题阳性率为21.99%,与对照组比较差异均无统计学意义;但自我接纳和自我评价2因子均分[(19.18±5.097)、(20.14±4.173)分]均低于对照组[(20.01±4.891、20.74±3.968)分](P<0.05);行为问题阳性率男童(29.52%)高于女童(11.62%)(x2=26.081,P<0.01),高年级组(30.0%)高于低年级组(19.13%)和中年级组(17.0%)(x2=10.885,P<0.01);相关分析显示,CLS总分与SAQ总分、自我接纳因子、自我评价因子均分均呈负相关关系(r=-0.559、-0.456、-0.40,P<0.01),与Rutter总分、Rutter问卷中的神经症行为均分呈正相关(r=0.128、0.136,P<0.01);多因素分析结果显示,有无好朋友、自觉可爱程度是其孤独感的影响因素(OR=0.239、0.289);性别、自觉可爱程度是其行为问题的影响因素(OR=0.315、0.291)。结论流动儿童的自我接纳、自我评价程度较低,其中男童和高年级儿童的行为问题较多,儿童的孤独感与其自我接纳程度呈负相关、与行为问题呈正相关,有无好朋友和自觉可爱程度是其重要的影响因素。Objective To investigate prevalences and related factors of loneliness, self-acceptance, and behavioral problems among migrant children. Methods Children＇s Loneliness Scale （CLS）, Self Acceptance Questionnaire （SAQ） ,Rutter Behavior Rating Scale for Children（ BRSC）, and a self-designed questionnaire were used to survey 573 migrants children and 1 580 controls aged 6-14 years selected from 3 public elementary schools in suburban area of Nan- ning city. The information were obtained from the rating of the teachers and self-reports of the children. Results The positive rate of CLS and BRSC in the migrant children was 12. 31% and 21.99% ,respectively. The boys had a higher positive rate of BRSC than girls （29. 52 % vs 1 l. 62 %, X2 = 26. 081 ; P 〈 0. 01 ）. The positive rate of BRSC of children of grade 5 and 6 （30, 0% ） was higher than those of children of grade 1 and 2 （ 19. 1% ） and grade 3 and 4 （ 10. 9% ）. （X2 = 10. 885, P 〈 0.01 ）. The correlation analyses showed that the correlation coefficients of CLS score with the score of SAQ, self-recognizing factor, and self-evaluation factor were - 0. 559, - 0. 456, and - 0. 40, respectively （ P 〈 0. 01 for all）. The correlation coefficients of CLS＇ score with the score of the BRSC and neurotic behaviour factor were 0. 128 and 0. 136 （P 〈 0. 01 for all）. Multivariate regression analyses showed that the regression coefficients for CLS score with the score of the good friends, self-perceived loveliness were - 1. 432 and 0. 915 ,with the odds ratio（OR） of 0. 239 and 0. 289 （P 〈 0. 1 for all）. The regression coefficients of BRSC score with gender, self-perceived loveliness were - 1. 155 and 0. 334 ,with the OR of 0. 315 and 0. 291 （ P 〈 0. 1 for all）. Conclusion The results indicated that the scores of self-ac- ceptance and self-evaluation in migrant children were significantly low and migrant boys and the children of grade 5 and 6 had more behavioral problems. The loneliness was inversely correlated with se

关 键 词：流动儿童 孤独感 自我接纳 行为问题 

分 类 号：R395.6[哲学宗教—心理学]