乳山近海大型底栖动物功能摄食类群  

Functional feeding groups of macrozoobenthos from coastal water off Rushan

作　　者：彭松耀[1,2] 李新正[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院海洋研究所,青岛266071 [2]中国科学院研究生院,北京100049

出　　处：《生态学报》2013年第17期5274-5285,共12页Acta Ecologica Sinica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(41176133)

摘　　要：根据2006年12月至2007年11月对乳山近海的调查样品,报道了该海域大型底栖动物功能摄食类群的生态学状况。结果表明:乳山近海大型底栖动物以食底泥者和肉食者占较大优势,其次为滤食者,食碎屑者、杂食者、植食者相对丰度较小;食底泥者的优势种为中蚓虫、不倒翁虫、丝异蚓虫和轮双眼钩虾,肉食者的优势种为寡鳃齿吻沙蚕、圆筒原盒螺和纽虫,滤食者的优势种为滑理蛤、菲律宾蛤仔、金星蝶铰蛤和江户明樱蛤;各功能摄食类群分布受有机负荷和底质类型限制;基于大型底栖动物功能类群的生态参数评价结果表明,乳山近海大型底栖动物群落健康状况由虚弱趋于不稳定,大部分站位大型底栖动物群落受到轻度扰动,底栖生态质量状况较优良;冗余分析表明,盐度、水温、总氮、悬浮物、溶解氧、总有机碳和硅酸盐等7个因子与乳山近海大型底栖动物功能摄食类群存在较显著的相关性。Abstract： The trophic structure of the benthic communities in the coastal waters off Rushan, situated off the southern coast of the Shangdong Peninsula, in the Yellow Sea, was characterized according to a feeding functional guild approach, based on sampling surveys conducted from December 2006 to November 2007. Macrobenthic organisms were assigned to six distinct trophic groups （herbivores, deposit-feeders, filter-feeders, carnivores, detritus-feeders, omnivores） and the feeding diversity and ecosystem health of the research area was estimated using the Shannon-Wiener index, Pielou＇s evenness index, and Infaunal Trophic Index （ITI）, applied in conjunction with a Marine Biotic Index （AMBI）. The dominance of feeding groups was related to environmental variables using multivariate ordination techniques （ Redundancy Analysis）. The results show that deposit-feeders and carnivores were the most abundant functional groups, making up 34% and 31% of the benthic communities in terms of relative abundance, respectively, followed by filter-feeders （22%） , the detritus-feeders （7 % ） , omnivores （5%） , and herbivores （1% ）. The dominant deposit-feeding species were Mediomastus californiensis, Sternaspis scutata, Heteromastus filiforms and Ampelisca cyclopst while the dominant carnivorous species were Nephtys oligobranchia, Eocylichna cylindrella and Nemertinea sp. ; and the dominant filter-feeding species were Theora lubrica, Venerupis philippinarum , Trigonothracia jinxingae and MoereUa jedoensis. When seasonal variation was incorporated into the analysis, deposit-feeders had the highest relative abundance （39.3% in December 2006 ） and mean abundance （ 107.4 ind/m2 in May 2007 ）, followed by carnivores （ 37.9% in November 2007, 94.7 ind/m2 in May 2007 ） and filter-feeders （27.2% in November 2007, 77.4 ind/m2 in May 2007）, while herbivores abundance accounted for only 1.1% and 2.9 ind/m2 in December 2006. With regard to spatial distributions, sites G1 and B4 had the highest

关 键 词：乳山近海 大型底栖动物 功能摄食类群 

分 类 号：Q958.8[生物学—动物学]