衰亡期沉水植物对水和沉积物磷迁移的影响  

Influence of submerged macrophytes on phosphorus transference between sediment and overlying water in decomposition period

作　　者：王立志[1] 王国祥[2] 

机构地区：[1]山东省水土保持与环境保育重点实验室,临沂大学,临沂276000 [2]南京师范大学地理科学学院,江苏省环境演变及生态建设重点实验室,南京210046

出　　处：《生态学报》2013年第17期5426-5437,共12页Acta Ecologica Sinica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(21207058);!山东省科技攻关项目(2011GGH21704);临沂市重大科技创新项目(201211027);山东省水土保持与环境保育重点实验室开发基金(stkf 201206)资助

摘　　要：通过室内模拟的方式,分别研究了秋季黑藻、苦草和春季菹草的衰亡过程,分析了沉水植物在衰亡期间水、沉积物中磷与环境因子[pH、氧化还原电位(Eh)和溶解氧(DO)]的相互作用。结果表明:沉水植物黑藻和菹草在衰亡期间能显著提高水中总磷(TP)、溶解性总磷(DTP)、颗粒磷(PP)、溶解性活性磷(SRP)和溶解性有机磷(DOP)的含量;苦草在衰亡期对水体各形态磷含量影响不显著,且各形态磷含量的变化相对较小(TP,0.04—0.06 mg/L);环境因子的变化对水中磷含量影响显著,黑藻和菹草水体中TP的含量和环境因子pH、DO和Eh均呈负相关,而苦草组水中各形态磷的含量受环境因子影响不显著。实验期间不同植物组沉积物中总磷(TP)、NaOH提取磷(NaOH-P)、HCl提取磷(HCl-P)、无机磷(IP)和有机磷(OP)的含量均呈上升趋势。沉积物IP的含量主要受NaOH-P的影响,OP对TP的影响要大于IP,沉积物OP与OM(有机质)的含量存在显著正相关。Eutrophication is an important indication of serious water pollution. Phosphorus （P） is a key factor causing eutrophication, because it enhances production in an amplified positive feedback. Submerged macrophytes play an important role in P cycling, especially in shallow lakes. However, most of the submerged macrophyte died in winter. In the decomposition period of submerged macrophytes, the decaying macrophytes may be an internal P source for the lake and considerable quantities of P to the water. So to study the interaction of P among aquatic plants, sediments and water is important. However, the effects of submerged macrophytes on P cycling in lakes during the decomposition period are much less understood. In this study, submerged macrophyte H. Verticillata, V. natans and P. crispus were used as material. Through laboratory simulation experiments to study the relationship between P concentration in water and sediment and environmental factors [ pH, redox potential （Eh） and dissolved oxygen （DO）] during the decomposition. The results indicated that submerged macrophyte H. Verticillata and P. crispus increased the concentrations of total P （TP） , dissolved total P （DTP） , particulate P （ PP ） , dissolved organic P （DOP） and soluble reactive P （ SRP ） during the decomposition period. V. natans has no significant effect on P concentration, P concentrations maintained in a relative low level （TP, 0.04--0.06 mg/L ）. The changes of environmental factors have significant effect on P concentration in water. The concentrations of TP in water was significant negative correlated with pH, DO and Eh in the groups of H. Verticillata and P. crispus . However, environmental factors have no significant effect on P concentration in the group V. natans. Sediment P concentrations of total P （TP）, HC1 extracted P （HC1-P）, NaOH extracted P （NaOH-P）, （OP） were increased during the experiment course. The concentration of IP mainly caused IP, OP has larger effect on TP, OP has signifi

关 键 词：沉水植物 水 沉积物 衰亡 

分 类 号：X171.4[环境科学与工程—环境科学]