论少数民族人口流动对民族地区发展的负效应  

On the Multiple Negative Effect of the Floating of Minority Population on the Minority Areas

作　　者：汤夺先[1] 李静[1] 

机构地区：[1]安徽大学社会与政治学院,安徽合肥230601

出　　处：《宜春学院学报》2013年第8期22-29,共8页Journal of Yichun University

基　　金：国家社科基金项目"和谐社会建设中的少数民族流动人口问题研究"(07CMZ012);安徽大学杰出青年基金培育项目"都市少数民族流动人口多元认同的人类学研究"(SKJQ1002);中国博士后科学基金面上资助项目"我国跨国流动少数民族的认同问题与边疆社会稳定研究"(2012M510683)

摘　　要：少数民族人口流动对民族地区的经济、政治、社会、文化等都有一定的负面效应。在经济层面上,导致民族地区人力资源的缺失以及对农业劳动态度的消极进而影响了民族地区的经济发展;在政治层面上,导致基层政治参与主体缺失、基层干部队伍建设不力以及非正式权力组织功能弱化从而影响到民族地区基层政治生活开展;在文化层面上,带来民族语言使用空间萎缩、非物质文化的传承主体流失与断层、民族传统文化受到冲击等问题使得民族文化传承发展受到影响;在社会层面上,出现"娶妻难"问题、家庭稳定问题以及留守妇女与儿童问题、老年人问题与贫富分化问题、违法犯罪问题等影响民族地区社会稳定。因此,要正确认识消极影响并采取措施予以消减。The floating of minority population has some negative effects on many fields such as the economic, polities, sociality, culture, etc. in minority areas. In the economic dimension, it may lead to the lack of human resources and the negative attitude to agricultural work, which can affect the economic development. At the political level, the egress laboring out for a long time can cause a lacuna of the grassroots political participants, as well as the losing on the construction of the basic - level cadres, and the weaker of the function of unofficial organization, which might obstruct the carrying out of political life at the basis level. At the cultural level, the shrink of the minority languages using space, coupled with the running off and the faulting of the inheritor of non - material cultur- al heritage, together with the wallop of minority traditional culture, can block the succession and growth of ethnic culture. On the societal level, the existence of problems of marring a wife, steadiness of a family, unattended women and children, crimes problems, issues of senior citizen with the polarization between the rich and the poor and so on, can influence the social stability in minority area. We should clearly understand the negative effects of the floating of minority population on the minority areas.

关 键 词：少数民族人口流动 民族地区 负效应 发展 

分 类 号：C957[社会学—民族学]