云南少数民族地区留守儿童心理弹性现状及影响因素研究  

Study on the resilience of the left-behind children in minority nationality regions in Yunnan province

作　　者：董泽松[1,2] 张大均[2] 

机构地区：[1]大理学院教育科学学院,云南大理671003 [2]西南大学心理健康教育研究中心,重庆400715

出　　处：《中国儿童保健杂志》2013年第9期920-922,共3页Chinese Journal of Child Health Care

基　　金：国家社科基金项目(06XSH012);云南省哲学社会科学教育科学规划项目青年项目(ZJQ1202)

摘　　要：【目的】研究少数民族地区留守儿童心理弹性的现状及影响因素,为该地区留守儿童的心理健康教育工作提供依据。【方法】随机整群抽取大理白族自治州留守儿童,采用青少年心理弹性量表、艾森克人格问卷(儿童版)进行调查,获得有效问卷713份。【结果】少数民族地区留守儿童在心理弹性量表中的积极认知[(2.84±0.70)分]、家庭支持[(1.96±0.70)分]和心理弹性总分[(80.51±10.21)分]上显著低于非留守儿童得分[(3.34±0.71)分、(2.35±0.61)分和(85.50±10.19)分],差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。多元线性回归分析结果显示,母亲文化程度、父母外出类型、双亲外出时间和神经质等4项因素与少数民族地区留守儿童心理弹性呈显著相关。【结论】母亲文化、双亲外出、双亲外出时间和神经质对少数民族地区留守儿童心理弹性有显著性影响,在民族地区留守儿童心理弹性促进中应重视这些因素的影响。[Objective] To research the resilience of left behind children in minority nationality regions in Yunnan Province and to discuss the related influence factors. [Method] The Resilience Scale and Eysenck Personality Questionnaire （EPQ,Children＇s Version） were used on 713 left-behind children. [Results] The scores of the left-behind children in positive thinking,family support and total scores of resilience were less than the non left-behind children（P^0.05）. And through multiple regression analysis,there were 4 factors correlated with the resilience of the left-behind children including mother education level,egression of parents,the time about egression of parents,neuroticism. [Conclusion] These factors including mother education,egression of parents, the time about egression of parents and neurotieism make a difference to the resilience of left-behind children,and we should pay attention to these factors in advancing the resilience of left-behind children in minority nationality regions.

关 键 词：少数民族 留守儿童 心理弹性 影响因素 

分 类 号：R749.94[医药卫生—神经病学与精神病学]