不同扦插基质对茶树良种快繁的影响  

Effect of Different Cutting Soils on Rapid Propagation of Improved Varieties of Tea

作　　者：吴淑平 吕立哲 郑杰 党永超 竹玮 

机构地区：[1]信阳市农业科学院河南省茶叶工程技术研究中心,河南信阳464000

出　　处：《河南农业科学》2013年第8期38-40,56,共4页Journal of Henan Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：国家现代农业产业技术体系建设专项;河南省科技攻关项目(092102113105)

摘　　要：为了探讨扦插基质对茶树良种快繁的影响,采用稻田土、沙土、泥砂土以及泥炭土设置5种不同的扦插基质处理,研究在传统短穗扦插方法下,不同扦插基质中茶苗的成活率、出圃率、茶苗生长情况和茶苗质量。结果表明:以5种不同扦插基质作苗床进行茶树良种快繁,成活率、出圃率及茶苗生长势差异显著;处理D(泥炭土上铺5cm泥砂土)扦插茶苗成活率、出圃率最高,分别为71.1%、65.4%,扦插茶苗生长较快,不到1a苗高达30cm以上,1足龄茶苗茎粗为3.4mm,一级侧根数为4.9根,根系长达到9.2cm,着叶数为17.3片,茶苗质量综合得分为9.48,达到Ⅰ级扦插苗标准。因此,茶树良种快繁采用泥炭土上铺泥砂土作为扦插基质较为合适,具有广泛的推广价值。In order to explore the effect of cutting soil on rapid propagation of improved varieties of tea,this paper devised five cutting soils,including paddy soil,sandy soil,mud and sand,peat soil,to study the survival rate,qualified plant rate,tea seedling growth and tea seedling quality in different cutting soils by the traditional method of single node cutting.The result showed that the survival rate,qualified plant rate and tea seedling growth vigour of improved varieties of tea in the nursery bed of five cutting soils had significant differences.In the treatment D （peat soil covered with 5 cm mud and sand）,the survival rate and qualified plant rate were the highest,71.1％ and 65.4％,respectively,and cutting tea seedlings grew fast.The height of seedling less than one year old reached more than 30 cm,and the stem diameter of one-year-old tea seedling was 3.4 mm.The root detection indicated that the cutting tea plant of treatment D had 4.9 primary lateral roots on average,and the length of root reached 9.2 cm.Moreover,the leaf number was 17.3.As the quality comprehensive score was 9.48,its seedlings reached grade Ⅰ standard in treatment D.Consequently,it is suitable to use peat soil covered with mud sand as cutting soil for rapid propagation of improved varieties of tea,which is worth widely spreading.

关 键 词：扦插 基质 茶树 快繁 

分 类 号：S571.1[农业科学—茶叶生产加工]