非数量视觉特征对数量感知的影响  

Influences of Non-numerical Visual Properties on Numerosity Perception

作　　者：刘炜[1] 张智君[1] 孙雨生[1] 赵亚军[2] 

机构地区：[1]浙江大学心理与行为科学系,杭州310028 [2]西南民族大学社会学与心理学学院,成都610041

出　　处：《应用心理学》2013年第1期10-16,49,共8页Chinese Journal of Applied Psychology

基　　金：教育部人文社科基金一般项目(11YJA190025)

摘　　要：以往许多研究探讨了各种视觉特征对数量判断任务的影响,但得出了不一致的结论。本研究依据信号检测论原理对刺激特征影响数量判断的方式进行考察。结果发现:刺激大小、形状和分布均匀度等因素可影响数量判断的反应标准,但不会影响辨别力;刺激聚集或组块会直接对数量判断的辨别力产生影响。结果表明,不同刺激特征对数量判断的影响方式存在差异。一方面,人类具有从刺激特征中直接抽取数量信息进行认知比较的能力;另一方面,刺激点聚集或组块可以直接影响被试的数量感知。此外,我们还推测,组块是通过改变客体表征的方式来影响数量感知的。Previous research has reached inconsistent results in influence of non - numerical cues on numerosity comparing tasks. The current study investigated influences of different visual cues on judging results and analyzing data by signal detecting theory, in an effort to determine whether numerosity deciding paradigm could steadily reflect numerosity perception. The results showed that numerosity deciding tasks were not ensured to reflect real status of numerosity perception, since they were apt to be affected by strategies, while abilities of numerosity discrimination could remain intact. Different mechanisms of influences on numerosity deciding tasks existed in different non -numerical visual features： some features only affected judging strategies, such as dots size or shape. In contrast, chunking affected numerosity perception directly by influencing judging ability of discrimination.

关 键 词：数量感知 数量判断 信号检测论 组块 客体表征 

分 类 号：B842[哲学宗教—基础心理学]