茶厂粉尘理化特性、成因及控制  

Study on Tea Dust Physicochemical Properties, Origins and Control

作　　者：胡善国[1] 苏有键[1] 罗毅[1] 丁勇[1] 

机构地区：[1]安徽省农业科学院茶叶研究所,安徽黄山245000

出　　处：《农学学报》2013年第8期60-64,68,共6页Journal of Agriculture

基　　金：安徽省农业科学院重点及新兴学科培育"工夫红茶智能化加工技术与工程装备研究"(11A0811);安徽省茶叶产业技术体系红茶加工岗位;国家现代农业产业技术体系专项资金(CARS-23)

摘　　要：茶厂粉尘指茶叶加工过程中所产生的粉尘、灰尘、烟尘等污染要素。介绍了茶厂粉尘浓度、粉尘成因、粉尘粒度特性以及粉尘理化特性,系统地研究揭示茶厂粉尘的产生、传递和累积效应。考虑到茶叶生产车间物料的特殊性以及茶厂布局优化和清洁化生产具体要求,探讨了抖筛机、平面分筛机、平面撩筛机、切茶机、风选机、匀堆装箱机的尘源控制方法,以及与之相结合的解决粉尘污染具体措施。通过综述近年来有关茶厂粉尘控制的新技术,超声波雾化除尘、袋式除尘、静电除尘、声波清灰等在茶厂除尘中应用的可行性分析,进而提出了茶厂粉尘控制存在的技术难题及相应的解决途径,为进一步明确茶厂粉尘有效控制的系统性方法及相关的评价指标提供了思路和依据,并对该研究领域进行了展望。Tea dust is defined as the mixture of powder, dust and smoke. In this paper, firstly, the course, density, size characteristic and physicochemical properties of tea dust were introduced with the special emphasis on its origin, delivery and accumulation effect. Based on tea, as a special material and efficience-safety-clean tea production in optimized layout factory. Secondly, relevant control measures were discussed against tea dust emission from shaking sieve machine, plane screening machine, flat stitch screening machine, cut tea maker, drifting-sifting machine and uniform heap packing machine. And subsequently, we reviewed the use of new technologies in dust control such as ultrasonic atomization, bag filter, electrostatic precipitation and acoustic cleaning and results showed solo-technique application was not efficient to prevent tea dust contamination because of various traits of dust in the process of tea making. Thus, we suggest that tea dust control requires a set of combined measures and evaluating indicators, which helps efficience-safety-clean tea production in future.

关 键 词：茶厂粉尘 理化特性 成因 控制 

分 类 号：S19[农业科学—农业基础科学] S223