兽药洛克沙胂处理对空心菜生长代谢和营养价值的影响  

The Effects of Veterinary Drug Roxarsone on the Growth, Metabolism and Nutritional Value of Water Spinach

作　　者：杨子仪[1] 徐亚莉[1] 葛峰[2] 曹燕[1] 陆长梅[1] 

机构地区：[1]南京师范大学生命科学学院,南京210023 [2]环境保护部南京环境科学研究所,南京210042

出　　处：《地球与环境》2013年第4期441-450,共10页Earth and Environment

基　　金：环保公益性行业科研专项(200809092)

摘　　要：随着养殖业大规模发展,含洛克沙胂(ROX)的禽畜排泄物正以有机肥形式被大量施加于菜地。ROX的大量施入是否会降低叶菜产量和品质值得人们关注。本文选取常见叶菜空心菜(Ipomoea aquatic)为实验材料,从种子萌发、幼苗生长代谢、营养价值及食用安全性等角度分析了ROX处理对空心菜的影响。结果表明:ROX≧1mM处理抑制空心菜种子萌发和幼苗生长,幼苗株高、叶面积、各器官生物量等均显著下降;幼苗正3-4位叶片光合色素含量急剧下降、叶绿素F0、Fm和Fv/F0等荧光参数指标变化不明显;各器官K、Ca、Mg、P含量以及包括Fe、Mn、Zn、Cu、B和Mo等元素在内的微量元素总量降低;还原性抗坏血酸(AsA)和谷胱甘肽(GSH)以及花青素含量随ROX处理浓度的提高而提高;ROX处理会导致空心菜叶片内可溶性糖含量升高,但可溶性蛋白和游离氨基酸含量却降低;各器官在ROX处理下As元素大量累积;虽然As主要聚集在根部,但地上可食用部位的As含量均超出国家叶菜类最低限量标准;空心菜叶片内硝态氮在ROX处理后也急剧增加。由此可见,兽药ROX的大量残留,不仅会影响种子萌发,抑制幼苗生长,降低空心菜营养含量和品质,同时还可能导致As及硝态氮在空心菜内的积累,影响其食用安全。With the large-scale development of aquacultural industry, a large number of roxarsone （ROX, a kind of veterinary drug）-containing manures are being applied to vegetables as organic fertilizer. Whether ROX＇s large application will reduce the yfeld and qualky of leafy vegetables or not causes the people＇s attention. The common leafy vegetable, Ipornoea aquatic, was selected in this study to suspect the effects. Results showed that treatment of ROX over lmM inhibited the seeds＇ germination and seedlings＇ growth; plants＇ height, leaf area, biomass of different organs were significantly decreased; the photosynthetic pigment contents in seedling leaves declined sharply, while the chlorophyll fluorescence parameters （F0, Fm and Fv/F0） changed little in most treatments; the contents of K, Ca, Mg, P and total trace elements decreased under high ROX treatment; the contents of reductive ascorbic acid （AsA）, glutathione （GSH） and anthocyanin increased with increasing ROX concentra- tions; although ROX treatment led to the increase of soluble sugar contents in I. aquatic leaves, the contents of soluble protein and free amino acid decreased; As element was accumulated in each organ in I. aquatic under ROX treatment; despite that As was accumulated mainly in roots, As contents in the edible parts were still beyond the national minimum standards of leafy veg- etablesl nitrate nitrogen contents in I. aquatic leaves increased rapidly after ROX treatment. Given all that, if a large number of ROX residues were applied to soils, they will not only inhibit seed germination and seedling growth, reduce the yield and quality of I. aquatic, but also can lead to the accumulation of toxic As and nitrate in I. aquatic and affect its edible safety.

关 键 词：洛克沙胂 空心菜 生长 代谢 营养价值 

分 类 号：S154.4[农业科学—土壤学]