温度和土壤含水量对温带森林土壤温室气体排放的影响  

Effects of temperature and soil moisture on greenhouse gases emission of temperate forest soil

作　　者：刘硕[1] 李玉娥[1] 孙晓涵[2,3] 万运帆[1] 高清竹[1] 秦晓波[1] 马欣[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国农业科学院农业环境与可持续发展研究所,北京100081 [2]北京林业大学水土保持与荒漠化防治重点实验室,北京100083 [3]山东省莱州市水务局,山东莱州261400

出　　处：《生态环境学报》2013年第7期1093-1098,共6页Ecology and Environmental Sciences

基　　金：中国科学院战略性先导科技专项(XDA05050602);国家973(2010CB833504)

摘　　要：全球温带森林土壤是影响陆地主要温室气体——二氧化碳(CO2)、甲烷(CH4)和氧化亚氮(N2O)的重要源和汇,土壤温湿度的交互作用是影响温室气体吸收与释放的重要影响因素,但目前针对温带森林土壤的温湿度变化对温室气体的影响研究甚少。本研究用自动控制温湿度的人工气候箱模拟不同温度(5、10、15℃)和土壤水分含量(最大田间持水量的20%、40%、60%、80%)环境,比较研究3种我国温带典型森林土壤CO2、N2O、CH4的通量动态变化及其综合增温潜势(GWP)。结果表明:温度和土壤含水量增加会导致3种森林土壤的CO2和N2O表现为排放源、CH4为弱吸收汇。其中,阔叶林和针叶林土壤CO2排放通量变化幅度相近,针阔混交林的排放通量波动范围较小于二者;针阔混交林和阔叶林土壤的N2O排放通量变化幅度相近,而针叶林土壤的排放通量波动范围明显高于二者;阔叶林土壤CH4吸收通量随温度和土壤含水量增加的幅度较其他2种林型显著。3种林型土壤GWP受温度和土壤含水量影响的敏感性由高到低依次为阔叶林>针叶林>针阔混交林。Global temperate forest soil has a significant influence on main greenhouse gas such as carbon dioxide （CO2）, methane （CH4） and nitrous oxide （N2O） source and sink. Interaction of soil temperature and humidity has been an important environmental effecting element. However, fluxes variation of these trace gases in temperate forest soil have been scarcely quantified with condition of soil temperature and humidity interacting. In this study, we investigated variation and global warming potential of soil CO2, CH4 and N2O fluxes of undisturbed woodland soil including coniferous forest, broad-leaved forest, coniferous and broad-leaved mixed forest in temperate region of China. The soil samples put in the controlled chambers were dealt with different soil water contents as 20%, 40%, 60%, and temperatures as 5 ℃, 10 ℃ and 15 ℃. The results shows that all the treatments result in carbon emission source of CO2, N2O and light carbon sink of CH4 to 3 kinds of temperate forest soil. Among of them, CO2 flux of coniferous forest and broad-leaved forest soil has a similar variation, which is a little lower than that of coniferous and broad-leaved mixed forest. N2O emission flux of broad-leaved forest and mixed forest was close, but which is higher than that of coniferous forest. With the increase of temperature and soil moisture content, absorbed flux of CH4 in broad-leaved forest soil higher than others. The sensitivity of global warming potential of 3 forest soils in different temperature and soil water content from high to low is broad-leaved forest, coniferous forest, coniferous and broad-leaved forest.

关 键 词：温度 土壤含水量 温带森林土壤 温室气体 

分 类 号：X144[环境科学与工程—环境科学]