水体藻类磷代谢及藻体磷矿化研究进展  

Phosphorus cycle of algae during its growth and death process:phosphorus uptake and release

作　　者：张胜花[1] 常军军[1] 孙珮石[1] 

机构地区：[1]云南大学工程技术研究院,云南昆明650091

出　　处：《生态环境学报》2013年第7期1250-1254,共5页Ecology and Environmental Sciences

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(51008265);国家水体污染控制与治理科技重大专项(2011ZX07303-001);国家"十二五"科技支撑计划项目(2013BAB06B03)

摘　　要：富营养化已成为我国大多数淡水水体面临的严重环境问题,水华形成是水生态系统对水体富营养化的响应。关于氮和磷导致湖泊富营养化和蓝藻水华暴发问题,一直是湖泊富营养化的研究热点。磷作为一种大多数湖泊富营养化的限制性因素,成为研究湖泊富营养化所考虑的重点之一。环境中磷的浓度、形态、来源以及不同的配比等都会对藻类的生长、代谢活动造成一定的影响,同时磷对浮游植物种类组成,特别是蓝藻的丰度有着重要的作用。水华藻类爆发性生长时对磷的吸收及水华消亡时藻类残体中磷的矿化释放是富营养化湖泊磷物质循环不可忽视的一个组成部分,在磷的生物地球化学循环中起着非常重要的作用。鉴于此,该文综述了藻类对磷的吸收代谢及藻类残体磷矿化释放方面的研究进展,重点阐述了藻类对磷的吸收、对磷限制响应的生理机制、藻体碱性磷酸酶、磷吸收能力对藻类竞争的影响等和藻体磷的矿化释放规律及影响因素。最后在对已有研究分析的基础上,提出藻类磷代谢及藻体磷矿化方面研究的不足之处,并就藻类储磷位点、有机磷降解途径和利用方式、藻类死亡后无机磷和有机磷矿化释放机制及其对二次水华的贡献评估等方面进行了展望,以期为进一步探讨水华藻类之间的磷竞争机制和湖泊富营养化治理提供科学依据。Eutrophication,with a response of algal bloom in the water ecosystem,has been becoming a severe environmental problem encountered by most of the freshwater bodies in China.The theme on lake eutrophication and algal bloom caused by excessive nitrogen and phosphorus is always a hot topic in the field of lake eutrophication research.Phosphorous,one of the main limiting factors for the eutrophication in most of lakes,is regarded as one of the key points required attention when doing research on lake eutrophication.The algal growth and metabolism can be influenced by phosphorous concentration,source,form and their proportion,and phosphorous plays a crucial role on the species composition of phytoplankton,especially relative abundance of cyanobacteria.Absorption for phosphorus at algal explosive growth and subsequently mineralization and release of phosphorus in the alga after their death was significant components for phosphorous recycling in the eutrophic lakes,which plays a crucial role in phosphorous biogeochemical cycle.Thus,in the paper,the research advances on the phosphorous absorption and metabolism in algae,and mineralization and release of phosphorous after their death were summarized.The algal absorption for phosphorus,physiological mechanism of algae responsed to phosphorous limitation,alkaline phosphatase in algae,and influence of phosphorous absorption capacity on the competitions between algae,and mineralization and release of phosphorus in algae was primarily focused.Finally,shortages of presented researches on the metabolism and mineralization of phosphorus in alga was assessed,and storage sites for phosphorus,degradation pathway and utilization pattern of organophosphorus,mechanisms of organophosphorus mineralization and phosphorus release in algae as well as their contributions to secondary algal bloom were prospected on the basis of the analysis of presented researches.It was hoped that scientific basis on probing phosphorous competitive mechanism between algae further and treatment of lake eutroph

关 键 词：水华蓝藻 磷代谢 碱性磷酸酶 磷矿化 

分 类 号：X173[环境科学与工程—环境科学]