眼压对眼轴长度影响的实验研究  

Experimental study on the influence of intraocular pressure on optical axial length

作　　者：张建华[1] 王予东[2] 金家岩[3] 石荣先[1] 李彬[1] 晁小蕊[1] 

机构地区：[1]河南大学第一附属医院眼科张建,河南省开封市475001 [2]河南大学医学院,河南省开封市475001 [3]河南大学第一附属医院病理科,河南省开封市475001

出　　处：《眼科新进展》2013年第9期826-829,共4页Recent Advances in Ophthalmology

摘　　要：目的探讨眼压对眼轴长度的影响,为临床高眼压状态下准确计算人工晶状体的屈光度数提供参考依据。方法选择成年健康兔10只建立实验性动物高眼压模型,以右眼为实验眼,左眼为对照眼;实验前分别测量左、右眼眼压及眼轴长度;在实验眼眼压基础上增加眼压至14 mmHg(1 kPa=7.5 mmHg)、16 mmHg、18 mmHg、20 mmHg和30 mmHg、40 mmHg、50 mmHg、60mmHg、70 mmHg、80 mmHg,分别测量相应眼压值时的眼轴长度;摘除左、右眼进行病理分析,测量角膜和巩膜的厚度。结果实验前左、右眼眼压分别为(12.31±0.89)mmHg和(12.37±0.94)mmHg,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);左、右眼眼轴长度分别为(16.28±0.15)mm和(16.32±0.18)mm,差异亦无统计学意义(P>0.05)。眼压为14 mmHg、16 mmHg、18 mmHg、20 mmHg时,测得的相对应的眼轴长度分别为(16.33±0.18)mm、(16.36±0.18)mm、(16.43±0.19)mm和(16.54±0.19)mm;当眼压等于或大于18 mmHg时测得的眼轴长度与实验前眼轴长度相比差异均有统计学意义(均为P<0.05)。眼压为30 mmHg、40mmHg、50 mmHg、60 mmHg、70 mmHg和80 mmHg时,测得的相对应的眼轴长度分别为(16.86±0.21)mm、(17.07±0.19)mm、(17.17±0.17)mm、(17.26±0.15)mm、(17.27±0.15)mm和(17.27±0.15)mm;在眼压小于60 mmHg的情况下,眼压与眼轴长度的变化呈正相关(r=0.943,P=0.000)。病理检查,实验眼角膜组织水肿、厚度为(694.6±20.8)μm,与对照眼角膜厚度(662.6±14.9)μm相比差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);实验眼巩膜厚度为(363.8±5.6)μm,与对照眼巩膜厚度(381.4±6.6)μm相比差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论高眼压引起眼轴长度增加,对于无屈光参差的高眼压白内障患者,术前确定眼轴长度时应参考对侧眼的眼轴长度并考虑眼压因素对测量结果的影响,避免术后发生人工晶状体屈光意外。Objective To expolre the influence of intraocular pressure （ IOP ） on the axial length so as to provide reference for accurate measurement of diopter of the artificial lens in the state of clinical intraocular hypertension. Methods Ten healthy a- dult rabbits were randomly selected to establish the animal model of experimental in- traocular hypertension with the right eyes being experimental eyes and the left ones control. Before the experiment, IOP and the axial length of both eyes were measured. Then increased IOP in the experimental eyes to 14 mmHg（ 1 kPa =7.5 mmHg） ,16 mm- Hg,18 mmHg,20 mmHg and 30 mmHg,40 mmHg,50 mmHg,60 mmHg,70 mmHg and 80 mmHg,the corresponding axial length were measured respectively. After that, both of the eyes of experimental rabbits were enucleated to conduct pathological analysis and measure the thickness of the cornea and the sclera. Results Before experiment, the IOP of left and right eye were （12.31±0.89）mmHg and （12.37 ± 0.94 ）mmHg, and the axial length of left and right eye were （16.28 ± 0.15 ）mm and （16.32 ± 0.18 ）mm, there was no significant difference between the two eyes （ both P 〉 0.05 ）. When the IOP of experimental eye were 14 mmHg, 16 mmHg, 18 mmHg and 20 mmHg, the corresponding axial length measured were （ 16.33±0.18）mm, （ 16.3±20.18）mam, （ 16.43± 20.19）mm and （ 16.54 ±0.19）mm. while the IOP was equal to or greater than 18 mmHg,the axial length measured compared with that before the experiment, there was a significant difference（P 〈0.05 ）. When the IOP of experimental eye were 30 mmHg,40 mmHg,50 mmHg,60 mmHg,70 mmHg and 80 mmHg, the corresponding axial length measured were （16.86 ±0.21）mm, （17.07 20. 19）mm, （17.17 ±0. 17）mm, （17.26 20. 15） mm, （ 17.27± 20.15）mm and （ 17.27 ±0.15） mm. In the case of the lOP less than 60 mmHg, the IOP and axial length was a positive correlation （ r = 0. 943, P = 0.000 ）. Pathological examination ,the experimental corneal tissue edema, the thickness

关 键 词：眼压 眼轴长度 白内障 

分 类 号：R775.2[医药卫生—眼科]