太湖北部表层沉积物中多环芳烃和多溴联苯醚及多氯联苯的分布和来源及生态风险评价  

Distribution,sources and risk assessment of PAHs,PBDEs and PCBs in surface sediments from northern Taihu Lake

作　　者：何隽杰 陆光华[1] 丁剑楠[1] 谢正鑫[1] 

机构地区：[1]浅水湖泊综合治理与资源开发教育部重点实验室河海大学环境学院,江苏南京210098

出　　处：《环境与健康杂志》2013年第8期699-702,共4页Journal of Environment and Health

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(51079049;51279061)

摘　　要：目的测定太湖北部表层沉积物中三类持久性有机污染物（POPs）含量并分析它们的来源，并观察其是否具有潜在的生态风险。方法采用气质联用技术分析了太湖北部贡湖、梅梁湾和竺山湖及湖心区表层沉积物中的16种优控多环芳烃（PAHs），10种多氯联苯（PCBs）和8种多溴联苯醚（PBDEs）的含量水平及分布特征。并采用特征化合物比值法和主成分分析法分别对PAHs和PCBs的来源进行了分析，最后根据沉积物环境质量标准和商值法分别对PAHs和PCBs及PBDEs进行生态风险评价。结果太湖北部湾沉积物中PAHs、PCBs和PBDEs的含量范围分别为367．81-1166．79、1．08～3．49和53．55～848．33ng／g。PAHs和PBDEs的最高含量都出现在竺山湾区域，而PCBs的最高含量则出现在贡湖区域；通过来源分析表明太湖北部湾PAHs主要来自燃烧源，而PCBs呈现以五氯联苯为主的污染特征，其主要来自于油漆等工业产品的添加剂。PBDEs中以BDE-209的含量最大，主要来自阻燃剂的生产和使用；北部湾湖区沉积物中的PAHs和PCBs均低于其毒性评价低值；根据商值法的计算结果，8种PBDEs的商值远小于1。结论太湖北部湾地区沉积物中的三类POPs不会对该区域的生态环境产生负面影响。Objective To determine the concentrations of three kinds of POPs in the sediment from the northern Taihu and analyse their source,and to observe the potential ecological risk of them. Methods The concentrations of 16 priority PAHs, 10 PCBs and 8 PBDEs in the surface sediment from the Gong Bay,Meiliang Bay,Zhushan Bay and the center of lake were determined with GC-MS. And the sources of PAHs and PCBs in the study area were analyzed by characteristic compound index and main component analysis, respectively. At last, ecological risk assessments of three kinds of POPs were performed according to the sediment environmental quality standard and quotient method. Results The total concentrations of PAHs, PCBs and PBDEs were in the range of 367.81-1166.79 ng/g, 1.08-3.49 ng/g and 53.55-848.33 ng/g,respectively. The highest concentrations of PAHs and PBDEs were observed in the sediments of Zhushan Bay,while the highest concentration of PCBs was found in the sediments of Gong Bay. The PAHs in the sediments were mainly originated from pyrogenous sources and the PCBs were mainly derived from the additive of paint. PBDEs were mainly from the produetion and consumption of flame retardants. The eoneentrations of PAHs and PCBs in the sediments of northern Taihu Lake were smaller than their own ERL. Based on the result of quotient method,the Q value of PBDEs was far less than 1. Conclusion Three kinds of POPs in the sediment of northern Taihu Lake have no adverse impact on the study area.

关 键 词：太湖北部 沉积物 多氯联苯 多溴联苯 生态风险 

分 类 号：R123.1[医药卫生—环境卫生学]