赤道式望远镜寻北方法及测量结果  

Method of finding north for equatorial telescope and observation result

作　　者：王志臣[1] 王志[1] 郭爽[1] 王国强[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院长春光学精密机械与物理研究所,吉林长春130033

出　　处：《红外与激光工程》2013年第8期2076-2079,共4页Infrared and Laser Engineering

基　　金：国家高技术研究发展计划(2009AA8080603)

摘　　要：赤道式望远镜指北偏差直接影响测量的准确性,找到一种快速有效的寻北方法是非常关键的。锁定望远镜指向南赤道面,如果划过视场的星的轨迹不是水平直线,将调整望远镜极轴绕竖直轴线转动,直至星的轨迹是水平直线;锁定望远镜指向东或西赤道面,如果划过视场的星的轨迹不是水平直线,将调整望远镜极轴绕水平轴线转动,直至星的轨迹是水平直线。利用球面三角形的知识,推导分析了此种寻北方法的理论依据,望远镜指向南赤道面调整的是极轴指北偏差的水平分量,望远镜指向东或西赤道面调整的是极轴指北偏差的竖直分量。通过此方法寻北后的赤道式望远镜,连续50 min恒动对某恒星进行观测,其Y轴脱靶量变化4″。观测结果表明,文中的寻北方法是快捷有效的,并且调整后的赤道式望远镜具有较高的指北精度。Pointing Polaris error directly affects measure accuracy for equatorial telescope, and searching for an effective method of finding true north is very important. The equatorial telescope was fixed to point to the south equator, if the trace of star which traversed in the field of view was not a horizontal line, and then the polar axis of telescope was rotated about vertical axis until the trace of star being a horizontal line. The equatorial telescope was fixed to point to the east or west equator, if the trace of star which traversed in the field of view was not a horizontal line, and then the polar axis of telescope was rotated about horizontal axis until the trace of star was a horizontal line. The principle for the method of finding true north was deduced and analyzed on the base of spherical triangle. Horizontal pointing error of polar axis was adjusted when telescope pointed to the south equator, and vertical pointing error of polar axis was adjusted when telescope pointed to the east or west equator. The equatorial telescope which is adjusted by using the method rotated about polar axis with constant speed in 50 minutes, and target error projected to Y axis of star which was measured transfered 4″. Observation result confirms that the method was simple and effective, and pointing error of polar axis of equatorial telescope adjusted by using the method is limited.

关 键 词：赤道式望远镜 寻北 球面三角形 

分 类 号：TH751[机械工程—仪器科学与技术]