Suppression of Rhizoctonia Damping-off of Chickpea Using Manure Extracts and Their Associated Fungi  

作　　者：Khadeeja A. Saido 

机构地区：[1]Plant Protection Department, Faculty of Agriculture and Forestry, University of Duhok, Duhok, Iraq

出　　处：《Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology(A)》2013年第8期646-652,共7页农业科学与技术（A）

摘　　要：Decomposed manure extracts of cattle, sheep, poultry, horse and their composition of antagonistic fungi were evaluated to suppress phytopathogen Rhizoctonia solani, one of the most important causes of chickpea damping-off. In vitro, the dual culture test used the criteria to evaluate antagonistic potential of fungal isolates that associated with different manures, in addition to assessment severity of Rhizoctonial damping-off of chickpea seedlings in potting media Penicillium sp., Aspergillus niger and Aspergillus terreus were highly colonized each of manure extract. Results of dual culture observed the significant reduction of the pathogens mycelial growth （70.9%） when one disc of R. solani was placed in the center and three discs of antagonistic were placed in the periphery of plates. However, the mycelial growth of R. solani evidenced a higher inhibition （48.62%） when cultured with the antagonistic of Penicillium sp.. Sheep and poultry manure extracts reduced the pathogen＇s growth by 47.24% and 49.2%, respectively. Severity rating of Rhizoctonial damping-off was decreased to 0.2 when using poultry manure containing antagonistic fungus of A. terreus, other treatments of composted soil were similarized in their results of disease index.

关 键 词：Composted manures ANTAGONISTS R. solani darning-off. 

分 类 号：S572[农业科学—烟草工业] X713[农业科学—作物学]