重庆市部分敬老院老年人膳食结构与认知功能状况  

A survey on the diet structure and cognitive function of the elderly at old folks' home in Chongqing

作　　者：宋泰霞[1] 王敏[1] 袁璐[1] 韩丹[1] 张勇[1] 周莉[1] 曾缓[1] 韩令力[1] 赵勇[1] 

机构地区：[1]重庆医科大学公共卫生与管理学院

出　　处：《中国老年学杂志》2013年第17期4220-4223,共4页Chinese Journal of Gerontology

基　　金：教育部人文社会科学研究2008年度青年基金项目(08JC840021);重庆医科大学一般课题(No.BYB2008066)

摘　　要：目的了解重庆市部分敬老院老年人日常饮食习惯和认知功能状况,为探明饮食与认知功能相关性提供参考。方法采用分层随机抽样的方法,抽取重庆市11家各型敬老院60岁老年人230人,通过一对一面对面调查方式,使用自编老年人营养健康情况调查表和简易智能状态量表(MMSE)进行调查。结果有认知功能障碍者151人(65.65%),其中轻度认知损害者16.08%、中重度认知障碍者49.57%。摄入的谷类、豆类、蔬菜、水果的平均摄入量分别为《中国居民膳食指南》推荐摄入量的91.10%、27.88%、64.63%、33.45%。其中摄入蔬菜、水果、肉类、奶类量与认知状况的不同有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论部分重庆市敬老院老年人的认知状况较差,豆类、蔬菜、水果、鱼虾的摄入量与推荐摄入量相差较大,建议敬老院调整饮食结构,改善老年人的营养健康状况,改善认知状况。Objective To explore the Chongqing city homes for the elderly daily diet and cognitive function, in order to find out the diet and cognitive function correlation to provide the reference. Methods Randomly stratified cluster sampling method was executed. 230 elderly aged 60 years old and over were extracted from 11 gerocomiums of Chongqing, through one-on-one face to face survey method, by u- sing the old nutrition health questionnaires and simple intelligent status scale （ MMSE ） investigation. Results There were 151 people （65.65%） in 230 older people with cognitive impairment, including 16. 08% with mild cognitive impairment, 49. 57% with moderate to se-vere cognitive impairment. Intake of cereals, legumes, vegetables, fruit average intakes were ＂dietary guidelines for Chinese residents＂ rec-ommended intake of 91.10% , 27.88% , 64. 63% , 33.45%. There were statistically significant differences in intake of vegetables, fruits, meat, milk and cognitive status （ P 〈 0. 05 ）. Conclusions Survey of Chongqing City nursing home elderly persons with cognitive status is poor, legumes, vegetables, fruit, fish intake and intake recommendations vary. At this point, it is suggested that nursing homes should ad-just dietary structure, to improve the nutrition of the elderly health status, thereby improving the cognitive status.

关 键 词：膳食结构 认知功能 

分 类 号：R151.42[医药卫生—营养与食品卫生学]